<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">From: <b class="gmail_sendername" dir="auto">Alison Katz</b> <span dir="auto"><<a href="mailto:katz.alison@gmail.com" target="_blank">katz.alison@gmail.com</a>></span><br></div><br><div dir="ltr"><br><div>Below are some comments, as brief<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"></span> as I can, on Nicoletta<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"> <font size="2">Dentico</font></span>'s article in Development, July 2021.</div><table style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14px;text-indent:0px;line-height:1em;margin:0.5em auto" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0.4em 1em;line-height:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgb(85,85,85);border-top:1px solid rgb(85,85,85)"><p><a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41301-021-00296-y" target="_blank">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41301-021-00296-y</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote type="cite"><br></blockquote><div><b>Preamble</b>: Obviously I agree with most of the points. The question of depoliticization strikes me as most important, for social justice activists (and f<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><font size="2">or</font></span> academics) in the area of global health. . <br></div><div><br></div><div><b>Depoliticization</b></div><div>Nicolette correctly observes that "Covid 19 has ignited the recognition that global health legitimizes the hegemony of neoliberal values and contributes to the depoliticization of causes of ill health." </div><div><br></div><div>(By "global health", I assume Nicoletta is referring to current global health <i>governance </i>by the "small set of actors" she refers to, not global health itself.)</div><div><br></div><div>Like many other articles on this subject, the words capitalism and socialism are never used in Nicoletta's article. </div><div><br></div><div>But neoliberal is an <i>adjective </i>describing a form of capitalism. I think it is a <i>euphemism</i> that is used for purposes of <i>respectability and even credibility.</i> People fear they will be seen as "extreme" if they use terms such as capitalism or socialism. In the climate of the past 30-40 years, this was often true, so they were terms to be avoided if you wanted to be published or to have a voice at all. But capitalism and socialism are the elephants in the room, for social justice activists or even academics.</div><div><br></div><div>I believe that not using precise terms to accurately identify political concepts (such as capitalism) has serious implications in terms of depoliticization, in analysis AND in action/mobilization. </div><div><br></div><div>(I have been saying this for at least 20 years, so apologies to oldies in PHM for repeating myself.)</div><div><br></div><div>PHM may well have needed this strategy in order to <i>gain respectability and entry into WHO.</i> It was a tremendous achievement. But I think that era has passed (some time ago) and that this particular depoliticization is an obstacle to us contributing to achieving HfA/ health as an HR and democratic GH<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"> </span>G<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><font size="2">overnance</font></span>. </div><div><br></div><div>Just two examples of how this is an obstacle:</div><div><br></div><div>1. We trip ourselves up with this strategy because by using the euphemism neoliberalism instead of (neoliberal) capitalism, <b>we support the idea that there is a nice, "humane" form of capitalism that is compatible with social justice</b>. I will not elaborate on this, it would take too long, but we have seen only too clearly that the Blairs, Mittérands and even Obamas of the world, continued to deepen inequalities/to wage dreadful illegal wars/to privatize global commons etc. </div><div><br></div><div>2. We make it <b>impossible to ally ourselves with those people's movements/ associations /political parties/ trade unions who have the courage and clear sighted analysis to call themselves socialist and therefore anticapitalist.</b> Incidentally, part of what is so irritating about the term "civil society" is that it never refers to the groups just mentioned - the very groups of people who are achieving various goals on the road to social justice. We should be explicitly allied with these groups. </div><div><br></div><div><i>An example of lost time and lost opportunities. Anticapitalist groups/movements/parties have been denouncing the role of the WE<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><font size="2">Forum</font></span> and PPPs for at least 20 years. We should have been with them all this time - on the street whenever possible which is the only place where change happens. </i></div><div><br></div><div><b>Comments on a selection of points </b></div><div><b>1. Covid 19 as common destiny</b>. Poor communities face multiple and more or less permanent health catastrophes. In terms of "shocking imbalances" (to quote Tedros and hundreds of others), Covid 19 is not nearly as striking as infant mortality/maternal mortality etc. Covid 19 is experienced as a major catastrophe in rich countries because we are not used to such things.We have clean water, sanitation, adequate food, shelter and relative physical safety. "The worst human and economic crisis of our lifetimes" ? This can scarcely ring true for the peoples of Iraq, Mali, Afghanistan, Haiti, Sierra Leone, Palestine, Vietnam, Bolivia - or even the State of Mississippi (if they were consulted). I think PHM and G2H2 and any such groups should really be pointing this out.</div><div><br></div><div><b>2. Alma Ata(1978) was predicated on the NIEO (1974), it was not the other way round.</b> Health was not "conceived as the building block upon which economic development could be designed". This is Sach's neoliberal reversal of public health lessons: He promoted health as an investment for economic productivity/development. This formulation is incompatible with health as a human right (it is not profitable or productive to save old or handicapped people, nor even premature babies). </div><div><br></div><div>The NIEO<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><font size="2">rder</font></span> does not just precede HfA<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><font size="2">ll</font></span> historically but logically. The NIEO was to be the foundation for meeting all basic needs, each relating to a human right (food, health, housing, public services, education etc). </div><div><br></div><div><b>3. China is among the countries that succeeded</b>. As far as I know, deaths are still under 5000. (And their figures are not contested in the scientific literature. Anyone interested, I can send some links and look at Richard Horton on Western arrogance.) China succeeded in halting the spread of Covid 19 <i>in the absence of a treatment or a vaccine, i.e. non pharmaceutical measures</i>. 85% of all deaths were in Wuhan and 97% in Hubei province. By any standards, this is an extraordinary feat. A rapid and radical response meant a short confinement and lives saved. Beware of absurd and unfair anti-China reports (hospitals as concentration camps etc). The subject is performance of health systems (not pro or anti China), and China massively invested in health systems over the past 20 years. </div><div><br></div><div><b>4. "No nation can handle the outbreak in isolation". I think that needs qualifying. Several countries more or less did this: Vietnam, China, New Zealand. </b>It has never been true that we are all in this together, except of course that variants are going to spread. But country responses have been very, very different. Note also that the <font size="2"><span class="gmail_default">Intl Health regulations (</span>IHR</font><span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><font size="2">)</font></span> deal only with problems that can pass across borders. So that problems confined to one country, within one country or within several countries (most health problems) are not covered by IHR. Quite a limitation.</div><div><br></div><div><b>5.References</b>: Hickel is referenced a few times. His book is a wonderful compilation and he credits authors correctly. The figures on "207 years to eliminate poverty" etc are from calculations presented in an article by David Woodward (PHM member). Given the central role that PPPs in health have played in diverting WHO from HfA, it would be useful to readers to have references to that particular research (many articles by Buse and Waxman or Judith Richter). Gleckman's articles are great but he has not researched the particular case of the WHO and GHG<span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><font size="2">overnance</font></span> (as far as I know). And that is at the centre of our concerns.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><b>Note on the way forward</b><br></div><div>I suspect that using the term anticapitalist will alienate some readers. Suffice to say that today, it is desperately important to spell out what that means -<i> even approximately</i>. One example: meeting basic needs that correspond to human rights must be controlled, directed and supervised, democratically, within the public sphere. These are not spheres for profit making (be reassured, there will still be plumbers and electricians, just not TNCs running the show!). That is an anticapitalist position that many would find reasonable. Refusing the privatization of water is an anticapitalist position. A wedge has been driven between "respectable left leaning academics" and anti capitalist activists who are actually achieving change and forcing improvements. That wedge is massive disinformation driven by the powerful 1% of the capitalist dominated world. Perhaps these two groups have enough in common to fight together. We can't afford to be divided by powerful entities.</div><div>. </div><div>Nicoletta urges us to go "beyond classical models". WhIch models? Why must we go beyond them? Socialism for example has not yet been properly tried. But its efforts so far show considerable potential, do they not? (!) Extensive, well funded public services, "work", if the aim is social justice. That is a classical model, is it not?</div><div><br></div><div>In solidarity<br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div>
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