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</h1>There are more philanthropists than ever before. Each year they give
tens of billions to charitable causes. So how come inequality keeps
rising? By <span> <a rel="author" href="https://www.theguardian.com/profile/paul-vallely" target="_blank"><span>Paul Vallely</span></a></span><div><div><div><div>
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</div></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><span><span><br></span></span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><span><span>P</span></span>hilanthropy,
it is popularly supposed, transfers money from the rich to the poor.
This is not the case. In the US, which statistics show to be the most
philanthropic of nations, barely a fifth of the money donated by big
givers goes to the poor. A lot goes to the arts, sports teams and other
cultural pursuits, and half goes to education and healthcare. At first
glance that seems to fit the popular profile of “giving to good causes”.
But dig down a little.<div>
<p>The biggest donations in education in 2019 went to the elite
universities and schools that the rich themselves had attended. In the
UK, in the 10-year period to 2017, more than two-thirds of all
millionaire donations – £4.79bn – went to higher education, and half of
these went to just two universities: Oxford and Cambridge. When the rich
and the middle classes give to schools, they give more to those
attended by their own children than to those of the poor. British
millionaires in that same decade gave £1.04bn to the arts, and just
£222m to alleviating poverty.</p>
</div><p>The common assumption that philanthropy automatically results
in a redistribution of money is wrong. A lot of elite philanthropy is
about elite causes. Rather than making the world a better place, it
largely reinforces the world as it is. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/philanthropy" target="_blank">Philanthropy</a> very often favours the rich – and no one holds philanthropists to account for it.</p>
<p>The role of private philanthropy in international life has increased
dramatically in the past two decades. Nearly three-quarters of the
world’s <a href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/05/as-philanthropy-grows-what-are-the-rich-spending-their-money-on/" title="" target="_blank">260,000 philanthropy foundations</a>
have been established in that time, and between them they control more
than $1.5tn. The biggest givers are in the US, and the UK comes second.
The scale of this giving is enormous. The Gates Foundation alone gave
£5bn in 2018 – more than the foreign aid budget of the vast majority of
countries.</p>
<p>Philanthropy is always an expression of power. Giving often depends
on the personal whims of super-rich individuals. Sometimes these
coincide with the priorities of society, but at other times they
contradict or undermine them. Increasingly, questions have begun to be
raised about the impact these mega-donations are having upon the
priorities of society.</p>
<p>There
are a number of tensions inherent in the relationship between
philanthropy and democracy. For all the huge benefits modern
philanthropy can bring, the sheer scale of contemporary giving can skew
spending in areas such as education and healthcare, to the extent that
it can overwhelm the priorities of democratically elected governments
and local authorities.</p><p>For the full piece, go to:</p><p><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/sep/08/how-philanthropy-benefits-the-super-rich?utm_source=pocket&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=pockethits" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/sep/08/how-philanthropy-benefits-the-super-rich?utm_source=pocket&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=pockethits</a> <br></p><p><br></p></div></div>