From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ruglucia@paho.org">ruglucia@paho.org</a>></span><br><div class="gmail_quote">crosposted from : <a href="mailto:EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org">EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org</a><br>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><font color="maroon" face="Arial" size="3"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:maroon;font-weight:bold">Effect of a conditional cash transfer programme on childhood
mortality: <br>
a nationwide analysis of Brazilian municipalities<br>
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</span></font></b><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial"><u></u><u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Arial" lang="PT-BR">Davide Rasella PhD a,
Rosana Aquino MD a, Carlos AT Santos PhD a b, Rômulo Paes-Sousa MD c, Prof
Mauricio L Barreto MD a d <br>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">The Lancet, Early
Online Publication, 15 May 2013</span></font></b><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial"><br>
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<u></u><u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial">Website: <a href="http://bit.ly/16A21rX" target="_blank"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext">http://bit.ly/16A21rX</span></font></a>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial">In the past 15 years, <u></u><u></u>Brazil<u></u><u></u>
has undergone notable social and public health changes, including a large
reduction in child mortality. <br>
The Bolsa Familia Programme (BFP) is a widespread conditional cash transfer
programme, launched in 2003, which transfers cash to poor households (maximum
income US$70 per person a month) when they comply with conditions related to
health and education. <br>
Transfers range from $18 to $175 per month, depending on the income and
composition of the family. We aimed to assess the effect of the BFP on deaths
of children younger than 5 years (under-5), overall and resulting from specific
causes associated with poverty: malnutrition, diarrhoea, and lower respiratory
infections.<br>
<br>
<u></u><u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial">Methods<u></u><u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial">The study covered the period from 2004—09 and included 2853 (of 5565)
municipalities with death and livebirth statistics of adequate quality. <br>
<br>
<u></u><u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial">Findings<u></u><u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial">Under-5 mortality rate, overall and
resulting from poverty-related causes, decreased as BFP coverage increased. The effect of
consolidated BFP coverage was highest on under-5 mortality resulting from
malnutrition and diarrhoea.<br>
<br>
<u></u><u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial">Interpretation<br>
A conditional cash transfer programme can greatly contribute to a decrease in
childhood mortality overall, and in particular for deaths attributable to
poverty-related causes such as malnutrition and diarrhoea, in a large
middle-income country such as <u></u><u></u>Brazil<u></u><u></u>.<br>
<u></u><u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial"><u></u> <u></u></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><i><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-style:italic">“……The results of
our study provide evidence that a <b><span style="font-weight:bold">multisectoral
approach</span></b>, combining a large-scale conditional cash transfer
programme, with the potential to act on important social health determinants,
and effective primary health care, capable of attending basic health demands of
the same population and of attending conditions imposed by the conditional cash
transfer programme, can substantially reduce childhood mortality from
poverty-related causes in a large middle-income country such as Brazil…………….”<u></u><u></u></span></font></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><i><font face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-style:italic"></span></font></i><br></p></div></div></div><br>