<div class="gmail_quote"><table style="margin:0 auto" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td><table><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top:10px"><p><font style="font-size:20px;font-weight:bold;font-family:Arial,Verdana,Helvetica,sans-serif"><a href="http://www.worldwewant2015.org/node/342388" target="_blank">Equity, Inequality and Human Development in a Post-2015 Framework</a></font><br>
<font style="font-size:11px;font-weight:normal;color:#666666;line-height:17px">26 Apr 2013 | Addressing Inequalities: <b>Bookmark</b> by <a href="http://www.worldwewant2015.org/user/79763" target="_blank">inequalities@worldwewant2015.org</a></font><br>
<br></p><p><b>United Nations Development Programme</b><br>Human Development Report Office<br>Research Paper<br><i>February 2013</i><br>Claire Melamed and Emma Samman, ODI</p>
<p>People everywhere face various kinds of inequalities. We live in a
very unequal world, in which the top 20 percent of the population enjoys
more than 70 percent of global income, while the bottom quintile shares
a meagre 2 percent.</p>
<p>‘Equity, Inequality and Human Development in a post-2015 Framework’, a
contribution to the continuing global dialogue on the post-2015 agenda
published by UNDP’s Human Development Report Office, considers ways the
post-2015 agenda might tackle inequality in all its forms.</p>
<p>The authors, Claire Melamed and Emma Samman of the UK-based Overseas
Development Institute (ODI), argue that addressing inequality should be
central to the post-2015 development framework. Their paper says
inequality must be approached on multiple levels: within countries,
among nations, and between generations. Tracking inequalities – for
example, the progress of the poorest quintile of the population – is
important, but to actually reduce inequality, we must reduce the
structural inequalities that cause poverty, they say.</p>
<p>Their paper highlights some of the many examples of severe
inequalities that can be found both among and within countries today.
Recent data suggests that the poorest 5 percent of Americans earn 35
times more than the poorest Zambians. Between 1980 and 2007, the top 1
percent of Americans nearly tripled their share of U.S. national income,
from 8 to 23 percent. In Peru, young adults have a national average of
10 years of schooling – but for poor indigenous women the average is
just half that, with most leaving school after just five years.</p>
<p>Inequalities are caused by structural barriers, and new as well as
old deprivations. A post-2015 development framework must find ways to
build on the progress that has already been made and identify policies
that can break down some of the barriers faced by the disadvantaged.</p>
<p>Melamed and Samman advocate for pragmatism in forging the next global
development agenda. While the world might be ready to set ambitious
targets in areas such as sustainable energy, water, sanitation, and
access to knowledge and technology, they point out that other areas like
migration and trade should also be taken into account. The authors
demand an agenda that pays more attention to social cohesion and social
justice, and emphasize that getting the metrics right is critical to
improving the reach and effectiveness as of public services.</p>
Source: <a href="http://issuu.com/undp/docs/equity_inequality_human_development_in_post-2015_f" target="_blank">http://issuu.com/undp/docs/equity_inequality_human</a><p><a href="http://issuu.com/undp/docs/equity_inequality_human_development_in_post-2015_f" target="_blank">development_in_post-2015_f</a></p>
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