From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Sangeeta</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:sangeeta@twnetwork.org">sangeeta@twnetwork.org</a>></span><br><div class="gmail_quote"><br>
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The US government is planning to hold in April an Africa IP Summit in<br>
partnership with Japan, France, and WIPO. South Africa is hosting this<br>
meeting. The private sector (ICC, BASCAP,Pfizer, Eli Lily et al) is<br>
sponsoring this meeting.<br>
<br>
The main focus of this Summit is enhanced IP protection and<br>
enforcement particularly on counterfeiting and piracy. Clearly this is<br>
a platform for US, Japan France to promote the TRIPS plus plus agendas<br>
seen in ACTA, TPPA, EPA etc, and this Summit will be promoting more<br>
anti-counterfeiting bills in Africa. Many of these provisions are<br>
likely to have a problematic impact on access to medicines.<br>
<br>
If you are interested in more details see the US government site<br>
<a href="http://www.cldp.doc.gov/programs/Africa-intellectual-property-forum." target="_blank">http://www.cldp.doc.gov/programs/Africa-intellectual-property-forum.</a><br>
The Commercial Law Department Programme of the US department of<br>
commerce is organising this summit.<br>
<br>
We think it is important to raise some concern over this event. So we<br>
have drafted 2 letters with similar content. <br>
One addressed to the World Intellectual Property Organisation WIPO (see below)<br>
and another to the South Africa missions in Geneva (see attached).<br>
<br>
If you are interested to sign on to these letters, pls send me the<br>
name of your organisation and contact details to<br>
<a href="mailto:sangeeta@twnetwork.org" target="_blank">sangeeta@twnetwork.org</a> or <a href="mailto:ssangeeta@myjaring.net" target="_blank">ssangeeta@myjaring.net</a><br>
by Thursday, 2nd February.<br>
<br>
Regards<br>
Sangeeta Shashikant<br>
Third World Network<br>
<a href="http://www.twnside.org.sg" target="_blank">www.twnside.org.sg</a><br>
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<br>
Mr. Francis Gurry<br>
Director General<br>
World Intellectual Property Organization<br>
<br>
Africa IP Summit: Lacking a Development Dimension<br>
<br>
Dear Mr. Gurry,<br>
<br>
In 2004, the WIPO Development Agenda was launched amidst significant<br>
concerns that WIPO’s activities lacked a development dimension,<br>
undermined public interest, while promoting the interests of IP<br>
holders. The Development Agenda received widespread global support<br>
leading to the adoption of 45 Development Agenda recommendations in<br>
2007.<br>
<br>
We believe that at the core of these recommendations is the need for<br>
WIPO to ensure that a balanced and evidence based agenda on<br>
intellectual property is promoted taking into account the different<br>
levels of development and public interest considerations. Principles<br>
of transparency and avoiding of conflicts of interests also underpin<br>
these recommendations.<br>
<br>
In view of this, we note with significant disappointment and concern<br>
the context in which the upcoming Africa IP Summit will be held. Some<br>
key concerns are:<br>
<i><br>
Conflicts of Interest:</i> It is worrying to see that a major event such<br>
as an Africa wide forum is being co-organised in partnership with US,<br>
France and Japan. These governments are known for advocating TRIPS<br>
plus agendas in developing countries in the interests of their own<br>
industries and priorities. For instance these countries are proponents<br>
of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA), a plurilateral<br>
treaty that is widely criticized for its secret negotiating process<br>
and the detrimental impact on public interest issues such as access to<br>
medicines, freedom of expression over the internet and access to<br>
knowledge. One key aim of the treaty is to export these problematic IP<br>
enforcement standards to developing countries.<br>
<br>
These countries also promote TRIPS plus standards through Free Trade<br>
Agreements such as through the Economic Partnership Agreements, and<br>
the recent Trans Pacific Partnership negotiations. It is widely known<br>
that the different TRIPS plus standards advocated to, and in many<br>
cases imposed on to developing countries, will have devastating<br>
consequences for development including on access to affordable<br>
medicines, freedom of expression over the internet and access to<br>
knowledge. These standards are imposed to “kick away the ladder” for<br>
developing countries and to protect the interests of certain<br>
influential domestic actors. In view of this, WIPO’s partnership with<br>
these countries to host an Africa wide IP Summit amounts to conflict<br>
of interests and is simply unacceptable.<br>
<br>
To make matters worse the Summit is being sponsored by the private<br>
sector in particular the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC),<br>
Business Action to Stop Counterfeiting and Piracy (BASCAP), Pfizer,<br>
Eli Lilly and Company etc., that clearly have a strong stake in a<br>
pro-IP protection and enforcement agenda . The involvement of the<br>
private sector also raises issues of conflict of interests.<br>
<br>
WIPO being an intergovernmental and a specialized agency of the UN<br>
must take immediate measures to ensure that all its activities are<br>
evidence based, free of conflicts of interests and undue influence of<br>
actors that are known to promote an unbalanced IP agenda.<br>
<br>
<i>Lacking a development and public interest dimension:</i> The Africa IP<br>
Summit concept paper suggests a programme that undermines the spirit<br>
of Development Agenda. It is premised on the notion that heightened IP<br>
protection and enforcement will deliver development and protect public<br>
interest. This distorted approach has no historical or empirical basis<br>
and has been clearly rejected by the Development Agenda process.<br>
Important development issues such as the different levels of<br>
development, the importance of flexibilities (e.g. LDC transition<br>
periods, exceptions and limitations (e.g. parallel importation,<br>
compulsory licensing,) in meeting developmental objectives, examining<br>
and addressing the impact of IP on critical public interests issues<br>
such as access to affordable medicines, and access to knowledge,<br>
appear to be disregarded.<br>
<br>
<br>
Even more worrying is that the Summit aims to promote the link between<br>
IP enforcement and public health and safety, presumably to frighten<br>
people into accepting inappropriate standards of IP enforcement<br>
agenda. We stress that an IP enforcement framework will not deliver<br>
effective public health protection as IP rights are not granted on the<br>
basis of the quality and safety of the product. Instead inappropriate<br>
standards of IP enforcement are likely to hinder public health such as<br>
access to affordable medicines. This has been amply demonstrated by<br>
the many seizures of quality generic medicines in transit at various<br>
European ports.<br>
<br>
Lobbying by some multinational companies and their developed country<br>
governments in linking IP enforcement to public health has led to a<br>
proliferation of anti-counterfeiting bills in many African countries<br>
as well as at the regional level, most notably in East Africa. The<br>
enactment of these bills is usually promoted on public health grounds.<br>
However in reality these bills are only about protecting the rights of<br>
IP holders and are in fact “TRIPS plus plus” in so many ways,<br>
containing provisions that undermine flexibilities and that are<br>
detrimental to national developmental objectives such as building<br>
local production capacity, scaling up access to affordable medicines<br>
and improving access to knowledge. For example, most of these bills<br>
define “Counterfeit” products as being substantially similar or<br>
identical to IP protected products, which effectively makes every<br>
generic pharmaceutical a counterfeit. In Kenya, enactment of the<br>
Anti-Counterfeit Act 2008 has been challenged by people living with<br>
HIV/AIDS on the grounds that enforcement and application of the Act<br>
will deny them access to affordable essential medicines and thus deny<br>
their Right to Life.<br>
<br>
Noting the controversies surrounding these bills, it is inappropriate<br>
for WIPO to be championing the strengthening of IP enforcement on<br>
alleged public health grounds.<br>
<br>
Further we stress that addressing the issue of substandard, poor<br>
quality medicines (also often labeled as “counterfeit medicines”) is<br>
not within the mandate of WIPO but a responsibility of the World<br>
Health Organization. Dealing with the problem of “counterfeit<br>
medicines” requires a focus not on IP enforcement but on building<br>
regulatory capacity and ensuring access to affordable medicines. A<br>
process is already underway at the WHO to address this. Apart from<br>
medicines, it is also not within WIPO’s mandate to deal with other<br>
poor quality, substandard products thus it is surprising that the<br>
Africa IP Summit is heavily focused on this issue.<br>
<br>
<i>Lack of Transparency & Information:</i> According to available<br>
information, the WIPO and African regional IP organizations are key<br>
partners in the organization of the Africa IP Summit. However to date<br>
there appears to be no information available on WIPO’s website about<br>
this Summit. This undermines implementation of the Development Agenda<br>
recommendation on transparency.<br>
<br>
Further the US government website[1] states that registration request<br>
will not guarantee participation and that the participants will be<br>
selected. However no information is being provided on the criteria<br>
that will be the basis for selection.<br>
<br>
Following the above concerns, we demand that: WIPO postpone the<br>
holding of the Africa wide IP Summit. WIPO should also reconsider its<br>
partnership with the different interests involved and work to organize<br>
a balanced forum that is development oriented and upholds public<br>
interests as well as that is free of any conflicts of interests and<br>
influence of actors that tend to promote an unbalanced IP agenda. The<br>
process of organizing such a forum, (i.e. the selection of speakers,<br>
the drafting of the programme, criteria for selection of participants)<br>
should be transparent and all information should be promptly available<br>
on WIPO’s website. Further we also call on WIPO to avoid partnering<br>
actors that tend to promote an unbalanced IP agenda in its future<br>
activities.<br>
<br>
Signatories<br>
<br>
<br>
The Center for Health, Human Rights and Development (CEHURD)<br>
Consumer Association of Penang<br>
Health Gap, USA<br>
Third World Network<br>
<br>
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