From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Sangeeta</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ssangeeta@myjaring.net">ssangeeta@myjaring.net</a>></span><br><div class="gmail_quote"><br>Third World Network<br>
<a href="http://www.twnside.org.sg" target="_blank">www.twnside.org.sg</a> <<a href="http://www.twnside.org.sg" target="_blank">http://www.twnside.org.sg</a>><br>
<br>
WHO Reform debate to continue, February fixed for member-driven priority setting. (excerpts)<br>
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Geneva, 23 January (K. M. Gopakumar & Sangeeta Shashikant**): The reform debate formally set in motion in January 2011 will continue during the World Health Assembly and the Executive Board meeting following the Assembly according to the outcomes of the 130th session of the EB that took place on 16-23 January 2012.<br>
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Key reform issues remained unresolved and outstanding, as Member States (MS) demanded more information and time for discussion. To satisfy these demands, the EB outcomes sets out a detailed timeline for the Secretariat to provide more information, for member states¹ feedback on Secretariat¹s proposals and for further debate.<br>
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In the meantime the EB has fixed 27-28 February 2012 for the first<br>
intergovernmental working group meeting on programmes and priority setting. [A member state driven process on programmes and priority setting was agreed to at the Special session of the EB (EBSS) held in November 2011 after the Secretariat¹s proposals to limit WHO's programme activities to five core areas, i. e., health development (determinants, risks, diseases and conditions); health security (public health and humanitarian emergencies); strengthening health systems and institutions; evidence on health trends and determinants; convening for better health as well as identifying limited flagship priorities and priorities within five core areas of work was rejected by MS.<br>
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Deliberations at the EB on the 9 documents on WHO reform prepared by the Secretariat were structured under three broad themes i.e. programmes and priority setting, governance and managerial reforms.<br>
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These deliberations led to a Decision on Programmes and Priority Setting and a Chairman¹s Summary (Chair¹s Summary). The Decision sets out the scope of work and time lines for the intergovernmental process on programmes and priority setting that will take place in February. The Chair¹s Summary touches more on issues of governance, managerial reforms and preparations for reform discussion during the WHO governing bodies¹ meetings in May.<br>
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Programme and Priority Setting<br>
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According to the EB decision, the scope of work of the member state driven process is to make recommendations to the up-coming WHA on ³the categories, methodology, criteria and timeline for programmes and priority setting in order to serve as a guidance for the development of the next and future general programmes of work, recognizing the important linkages to other elements of the WHO reform process².<br>
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The EB decision then outlines the four specific objectives of the process,<br>
which are: (a) ³to review and consider proposals on priority setting taking as a basis for priority setting: country needs, the relevance of WHO for all countries, its specific comparative advantage and its leading role in global health";<br>
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(b) "to elaborate methodology, criteria and the timeline for the<br>
priority-setting process";<br>
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(c) "to consider possible ways of grouping WHO¹s work into categories",<br>
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(d) "to identify additional analytical work by the Secretariat emerging from<br>
these discussions, which will continue to the development of the next and<br>
future general programmes of work²;<br>
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The EB decision notes that the member state meeting on programmes and priority setting to be held in Geneva in February can be followed up with any number of meetings or discussions, as necessary, to be agreed at the February meeting in order to finalise the work before WHA in May.<br>
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NGOs in official relations with WHO will be allowed to observe the<br>
presentation but will not be allowed to participate in the member state<br>
process. However the EB decision notes that a web based consultation will be organized for such NGOs to present their views according to the agreed scope of work.<br>
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The Secretariat also classifies countries into 5 groups i.e. countdown<br>
countries; small island developing states; countries in fragile<br>
circumstances; newly industrialised and middle-income countries; and OECD countries. [Countdown countries refers to 68 States that bear the highest burden of child and maternal mortality and whose progress in MDG achievement is monitored by a UN group through the countdown process.]<br>
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The Secretariat¹s categorization of WHO¹s functions and classification of<br>
countries did not receive approval during the EB deliberations.<br>
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In fact during the deliberations, Member states said that information in<br>
EB130/5 Add 1 was insufficient and thus decisions cannot be taken. Member States also pointed to the lack of information on the criteria used to categorise WHO¹s activities.<br>
<br>[Dr. Chan clarified that the categorization and classification was an<br>
attempt to systematize the available information as well as the current<br>
activities of the Organization].<br>
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Most member states noted that priority setting should be based on individual country needs. However the US disagreed, preferring instead a top-down approach i.e. of global objectives guiding regional and local objectives.<br>
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Governance<br>
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On the topic of ³Governance², the Chair¹s summary states that MS are invited to submit comments on two of the Secretariat¹s proposals.<br>
The Chair¹s summary further states that MS can submit their comments through the password protected website open to all MS before 29th February. Based on the feedback the Secretariat will prepare revised proposals for submission to the 131st session of EB.<br>
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The Chair¹s Summary further notes that the Secretariat will revise the<br>
proposed options for the schedule of the governing bodies, incorporating the proposal for a revised schedule of meetings of the Regional Committees, Executive Board, PBAC and WHA. Further the Secretariat will also take forward the work on streamlining national reporting as well as further develop proposals for management of resolutions, the Summary notes. <br>
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In relation to governance, the EB also considered Secretariat¹s proposals on engagement with NGOs and private-for-profit sector as well as not-for-profit philanthropic organisations.<br>
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On this the Chair¹s Summary notes that ³Further consultations with Member States will be required on ³WHO¹s engagement with other stakeholders, including nongovernmental organisations and industry, and the proposals to review and update principles governing WHO relations with nongovernmental organisations and to develop comprehensive policy frameworks to guide interaction with the private-for- profit sector , as well as not-for-profit philanthropic organisations².<br>
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Regarding partnerships the Chair Summary states ³We have agreed on the importance of partnerships and on the need for better management and greater oversight by the governing bodies, in particular the Executive Board. Members of the board have proposed a review of WHO hosting arrangements, along with further efforts to harmonize work with hosted partnerships².<br>
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THe Secretariat proposed handing over oversight of WHO¹s<br>
partnerships to the EB after concluding that the Standing Committee on<br>
Nongovernmental Organizations was unsuitable for this purpose.<br>
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Of all the governance related issues, the topic of WHO¹s engagement with other stakeholders was the most controversial as the discussion focused on the criteria for the inclusion of non-state entities and on the need to differentiate between PINGOs (Public Interest NGOs) and BINGOs (Business Interest NGOs).<br>
<br>Dr. Chan, in her response to the issue of conflicts of interest played down<br>
the issue, stating that ³Everybody has an interest², and calling for all<br>
actors to be transparent and accountable.<br>
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Managerial Reforms<br>
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[WHO¹s document EB 130/5 Add 5 contained a road map for increasing<br>
predictability of WHO finance from the current level of 50% to 70%. The<br>
main strategy proposed was the holding of a pledging conference in 2013 to secure pledges for the programme budget that will begin in 2014.]<br>
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On the issue of financing, the majority of MS sought clarification as to<br>
whether assessed contributions are allocated to cover WHO¹s core functions or to fill up the gaps remaining after the allocation of voluntary<br>
contributions. The US stressed that assessed contributions should not<br>
subsidize costs associated with voluntary contributions.<br>
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Concerns were also expressed over the pledging conference particularly over how it would increase financial predictability. Secretariat was asked to explore other possible solutions. On contingency fund for outbreaks<br>
delegates sought clarification on how the fund would be managed in<br>
harmonization with regional funds for emergencies.<br>
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In response, Dr. Chan clarified that assessed contributions were used to<br>
support core-functions and governing bodies meetings and that Secretariat ³will not accept any money that do not go with priorities². She also expressed hopes that the mechanism will increase transparency and prevent civil society organisations from saying that WHO ³is in bed with industry².<br>
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The Chair¹s Summary further invites MS to submit comments on the draft<br>
evaluation policy through the password protected web site open to all Member States before 29th February. Based on these comments<br>
the Secretariat will prepare a revised draft of the evaluation policy for<br>
the consideration of the EB in May through the PBAC.<br>
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On the matter of stage one of the independent evaluation of WHO, the Chair¹s Summary states that ³..the Executive board has welcomed the offer of the External Auditor to carry out this step , and expects that the report of stage one will be presented to the Sixty fifth World Health Assembly, and will include the proposed road map for stage two of the independent evaluation.<br>
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[A two stages process of independent evaluation of WHO to guide the reform was agreed to at the EBSS.]<br>
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The Chair¹s Summary also notes that the EB welcomed the agreement of the Joint Inspection Unit to update their reports of 1997 on decentralisation within WHO and of 2003 on management and administration of WHO.<br>
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Preparations for upcoming meetings of the Governing Bodies<br>
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The WHA will have an opportunity to review and discuss all proposals on reform. The Secretariat¹s report will cover programmes and priorities, governance and managerial reforms incorporating the outcome of the Member State driven process on priority setting, showing linkages and indicating areas where consensus has been reached and those<br>
areas where further discussion is required. The report will also include<br>
the elements of reform agreed in the Special EB session in November 2011 and the further elaboration of the proposals where the EB has requested additional work. The report will also include a draft implementation plan, with a budget and monitoring framework for consideration by the WHA.<br>
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**This report has been prepared with some input drawn from the reports<br>
produced by the WHO Watchers linked to the Peoples¹ Health Movement. Their reports are available at <a href="http://www.ghwatch.org/node/448" target="_blank">http://www.ghwatch.org/node/448</a><br>
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[1] <#_ftnref1> See<br>
<a href="http://www.twnside.org.sg/title2/intellectual_property/info.service/2011/ipr" target="_blank">http://www.twnside.org.sg/title2/intellectual_property/info.service/2011/ipr</a><br>
.info.110101.htm for more information on the beginnings of WHO reform<br>
discussion<br>
<br>
[2] <#_ftnref2> See<br>
<a href="http://www.twnside.org.sg/title2/intellectual_property/info.service/2011/ipr" target="_blank">http://www.twnside.org.sg/title2/intellectual_property/info.service/2011/ipr</a><br>
.info.111104.htm for a report on the EBSS took place in November 2011.<br>
<br>
[3] <#_ftnref3> See <a href="http://apps.who.int/gb/e/e_eb130.html" target="_blank">http://apps.who.int/gb/e/e_eb130.html</a> for the WHO<br>
documents.<br>
<br>
[4] <#_ftnref4> See Overhaul needed on rules on NGOs' relationship at<br>
<a href="http://www.twnside.org.sg/title2/intellectual_property/info.service/2012/ipr" target="_blank">http://www.twnside.org.sg/title2/intellectual_property/info.service/2012/ipr</a><br>
.info.120103.htm<br>
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