<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:center;line-height:150%" align="center"><b style><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:#222222">State Convention on Accountability of Health & Social
Services</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:center;line-height:150%" align="center"><b style><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">22-23 November 2011, TISS, Mumbai</span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">On 22<sup>nd</sup> and 23<sup>rd</sup> November 2011 in a vibrant
atmosphere and with a shared vision to ensure accountability of the social
sector, over 270 delegates from more than 23 districts across Maharashtra
participated in the </span><b style><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">State convention on accountability of Health & Social
services</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">. The convention was
co-organised by People’s Health Movement-Maharashtra, Centre for Rights and
Governance, School for Rural Development, Tata Institute of Social Sciences and
organisations implementing Community based monitoring of health services across
Maharashtra state</span><a style href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;color:#222222"><span style>*</span></span></span></a><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">. </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">The key theme
discussed was how to ensure accountability of social services like health care,
education, food security, water supply, nutritional services. The positive
experiences emerging from <i><span style>Community
monitoring of health services, </span></i>being implemented as part of the
National Rural Health Mission in Maharashtra
since 2007, were a key reference point in the presentations and discussions, in
which national and state level resource persons participated along with
Panchayat members, representatives of Health sector employees unions and civil
society organisations.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222"><span style> </span></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">In the inaugural
programme, r<span style>epresentatives from about
30 different blocks where presently Community based monitoring is being
implemented, presented posters </span>sharing briefly the key positive changes
brought about by Community monitoring of health services, interspersed with
slogans<span style>. A short yet powerful film on
Community based monitoring in Maharashtra and
a song on health rights were presented. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222"> <b>Abhay
Shukla</b> noted the widespread positive impacts of Community based
monitoring (CBM) in form of improved presence of doctors and staff, check on
local corruption and increased utilization of PHCs in CBM areas. With
this background he emphasized that there is a need to take up Community
monitoring not just as a project but as a social process across the state,
expanding this within the health sector and working to strengthen similar
accountability processes for other social services like food security,
nutrition, education and water. He noted that CBM is emerging as a strong
bottom-up complement to accountability mechanisms, and CBM can help in checking
corruption with people’s active involvement.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">Key insights from
Maharashtra also need to be replicated in other states of India. Although
the CBM process was originally initiated in nine states of the country, only in
a few states like Maharashtra it <span style> </span>has continued in an effective way and is
leading to various positive impacts.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222"><span style> </span><span style> </span>Issues like caste often need to be kept in
mind while doing community based planning combined with monitoring. The need became
clear to address the wider social determinants of health and to work with a
broader social-political approach. The example of the Cuban health system based
on social justice and equality was highlighted.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">Sessions
were also held on the role and future involvement of Panchayat members and
Public Health employees in the Community based monitoring process. There were
interventions by nearly twenty PRI members from various districts, all of whom
recounted experiences of how the CBM process has led to positive local impacts
and urged that this process be continued with involvement of PRI members. The
need to effectively plan, based on people’s priorities, regarding large scale
untied funds under NRHM was stressed. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:150%" align="center"><span style> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%"><span style> </span></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">A session
with representatives of Maharashtra Government Medical officers association,
Nurses federation, ASHA union and other Health sector employee unions was held
and the need to combine struggles for better working conditions for staff with
delivery of improved health services for people was stressed.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:51.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoCommentText" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">The key to an
accountable public system is a clean and transparent information system. If
people have access to information they can monitor the availability of
facilities at each level. S</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">etting up a separate, autonomous department
for the social audit helps. Training young people for the processes of social
audit was highlighted. Through this process in AP they have lodged 1600 cases
of corruption and unearthed corruption of more than millions of rupees. For the
process of social audit one needs to do capacity building. Redressal mechanisms
need to come to the doorstep of the citizen, rather than the exactly opposite
scenario witnessed in the entire social sector.<span style>
</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoCommentText" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">Community involvement
in all public services is needed. There is an </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">erosion of the
traditional resources for adivasis in India and this has catastrophic
impact on the livelihood of such communities. E<span style="color:#222222">mpowering and informing communities to take
decisions about issues concerning them is key. It is essential that there is
decentralization and devolution of power.</span><span style="color:#222222"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">In parallel
sessions activists working on urban health, water supply, public distribution
system, ICDS and primary education discussed their experiences of working for
rights and the possibilities of community accountability systems in the above
contexts. The session on food security and urban social services talked about
the emerging Food security Act in India and the need to ensure
pro-people provisions in this context; a dialogue with political
representatives at various levels to improve delivery of food security schemes
is needed. Community based monitoring is necessary in urban areas also; accountability
tools like complaint boxes need to be used more widely. There is an urgent need
to improve ICDS and more attention must be given to the conditions of frontline
workers. Committees which are supposed to monitor functioning of staff do not
meet regularly, which needs to be ensured. The session on water and education talked
about School monitoring committees and parents meetings, which have helped to increase
the sense of ownership of parents in functioning of schools, and has made
teachers accountable. Inequitable distribution of water in large cities like
Mumbai and denial of water connections to people who have settled in Mumbai
after 1995 is rife. In this context to increase accountability, it is essential
to build awareness about water as a right among people, and to develop participatory
dialogue between Municipal decision makers, employees and citizens about various
options for improving supply of water.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">In
the next plenary session using the Right to Information Act and Social Audit
process was explained; this, to enable people to demand their rights and ensure
greater accountability of the administrative system. <span style> </span>A proper devolution of power is key, as ell as
a grievance redressal system. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">Transparency
and accountability are also needed in the Employment Guarantee Scheme. We need
to think of models of ‘people friendly information display’ for the all social services.
As regards grievance redressal system, if people have to access it optimally, it
must operate from the District level upwards. Although people are the real
‘owners’ of public resources, they have been marginalized from these resources.
In fact the public servants have taken control of public resources and
services. This situation needs to be reversed and people must now assume
control as the real ‘owners’. Any grievance redressal system must ensure some
prompt remedial action in timely manner, so that the complainant gets some
relief immediately. A set of suggestions about how to make grievance redressal
participatory and locally accountable, with involvement of civil society
organisations, was presented.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#222222">In
the last session, representatives from networks such as Right to Food campaign
– Maharashtra, Child Rights campaign, Movement
for Peace and Justice, coalition of mass organizations PHM-Maharashtra
discussed about possible further activities to promote accountability of social
sector services. A set of resolutions demanding development and widening
of Community based monitoring and accountability of health services were
adopted, and further combined actions including a protest on 15<sup>th</sup>
December on health policy issues during the upcoming State Assembly session were
planned. Overall the State convention has enabled sharing of the effective
approach of Community based monitoring of health services with a large and
diverse audience, has taken forward the emerging discourse on accountability of
public services, and has furthered the debate on how to develop such mechanisms
for each service in the social sector.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
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<hr size="1" width="33%" align="left">
<div style id="ftn1">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style>*</span></span></span></a> Maharashtra is the
second largest state of India
with a population of 112 million.</p>
</div>
</div>