From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ted Schrecker</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:tschreck@uottawa.ca">tschreck@uottawa.ca</a>></span><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div><div style="direction:ltr;font-family:Tahoma;color:#000000;font-size:10pt">

<br>This is a very important report.а I have just sent it, with a few of my own annotations, to all the members of the Scientific Resource Group on Health Equity Analysis and Research (<a href="http://www.who.int/social_determinants/implementation/srg/en/" target="_blank">http://www.who.int/social_determinants/implementation/srg/en/</a>),

 which WHO has inexplicably and inexcusably decided to 'sunset' after the Rio conference in October.

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Ted Schrecker<br>

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<div>From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)</b> <span dir="ltr">

<<a href="mailto:ruglucia@paho.org" target="_blank">ruglucia@paho.org</a>></span><br>

<div class="gmail_quote">crossposted from: <a href="mailto:EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org" target="_blank">

EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org</a><br>

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font color="maroon" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:maroon;font-weight:bold">The Global Social Crisis</span></font></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font color="maroon" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:maroon;font-weight:bold">Report on the World Social Situation 2011<br>

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">Department of Economic and Social Affairs - ST/ESA/334</span></font></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial">United Nations -

New York, 2011<br>

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial">Available online PDF [129p.] at:

<span><a href="http://bit.ly/jgdUOk" target="_blank"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext">http://bit.ly/jgdUOk</span></font></a></span></span><br>

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial">СЕ.The global economic downturn has had wide-ranging negative social outcomes for individuals, families, communities and societies,

 and its impact on social progress in areas such as education and health will only become fully evident over time. During times of financial and economic crisis, households often adopt coping strategies, such as making changes in household expenditure patterns;

 however, these can negatively influence education, health and nutrition outcomes, which may lead to lifelong deficits for the children affected and thus perpetuate the intergenerational transmission of poverty.</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial"><br>

Given the fragility of the economic recovery and the uneven progress in major economies, social conditions are expected to recover only slowly. The increased levels of poverty, hunger and unemployment will continue to affect billions of people for years to

 come. Meanwhile, austerity measures in response to high government debt in some advanced economies are also making the recovery more uncertain and fragileЕ.Ф<br>

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</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial">а</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">Contents</span></font></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Overview

</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Beyond recovery: addressing the social crisis</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">The continuing social crisis</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Addressing the crisis: the way forward</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Role of Government</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Focus on employment growth</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Need for social protection</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Poverty and food security</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Rethinking social policy<br>

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</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">I. The Global Economic Crisis: Causes and Transmission</span></font></b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial">

</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Impact, response and recovery</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">International response averts deeper recession</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Recovery: tepid, uneven and uncertain</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Background</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">United States</span></font><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">

 crisis becomes global</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Trade</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Tourism</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">International " nance</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Development aid</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Remittances</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Concluding remarks: bleak prospects for social development</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">II. The Great Recession and the Jobs Crisis

</span></font></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Employment impacts</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Informal and vulnerable employment</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Working poor</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Impact of the crisis on wages and salaries</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Adverse impacts on demographic and social groups</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Impacts on household dynamics and human development</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Concluding remarks: the jobs crisis persists</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">III. Incomes, Poverty and Well-being

</span></font></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">The context of the crisis

</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Income poverty</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Health</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Education</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Impact of crises on social indicators</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Evidence from previous crises</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">! e impact of the food crisis</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Much depends on the pace of recovery</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Social integration and crime</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Concluding remarks: full impact unfolding</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">IV. The Global Food Crises

</span></font></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Food prices remain volatile and high</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Social impacts of the food crisis</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Underlying causes of the global food price spike</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Speculation in commodity futures</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Higher energy prices and demand for biofuels</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Trade liberalization</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Long-term problems

</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Other longer-term trends</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">U-turn in

Washington?</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Concluding remarks: urgent action needed</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">V. Crises, Fiscal Space and National Response

</span></font></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Impact on fiscal space</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Effects on social spending</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Education spending</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Spending on health and social protection</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Spending on infrastructure and agriculture</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Policy responses to the crisis: an overview</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Social protection and labour market measures</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Policy responses to the food crisis</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Concluding remarks: policy space is crucial</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold">VI. International Responses

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Crisis response of the Group of Twenty</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Responses of the International Monetary Fund</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Policy responses to the food crisis</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial">Concluding remarks: a balance between stimulus and austerity</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial">Bibiliography<br>

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial">а</span></font></p>

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