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World</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color:black"> Network</span></b></p>
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Please find pasted below an open letter from Civil Society that we
wish to circulate at the 64th World Health Assembly (WHA) (16-24 May 2011), and
for which we are seeking organizational endorsements.<br>
<br>
In 2005, civil society and many developing country governments questioned
proposals from the US
to genetically engineer the extremely dangerous smallpox virus. While smallpox
has been eradicated from nature since 1977 and solely exists at WHO Repository
Laboratories in the US and Russia,
retention of the virus is temporarily authorized for research that is essential
to global public health. Since 1996, there have been repeated (and
unimplemented) WHA resolutions that the virus should be destroyed. Continued
retention of smallpox virus no longer serves any essential public health
purpose, and the possibility of its escape, amplified by the risks of
unnecessary research, threatens us all.<br>
<br>
The discussions culminated in 2007 with a WHA resolution that states that any
research undertaken should not involve genetic engineering of the smallpox
virus and that mandated the conduct by WHO of a 'major review' of smallpox
virus research for presentation to the 64th WHA in 2011. The outcome of this
major review, which found no compelling scientific reason to continue to retain
the virus, provides clear justification to terminate research involving live
smallpox virus and to schedule the prompt destruction of remaining smallpox
virus stocks.<br>
<br>
More background on the issue can be found at <a href="http://www.smallpoxbiosafety.org">http://www.smallpoxbiosafety.org</a> </span></p>
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Please feel free to circulate this letter widely to your networks. </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">Please send all organizational endorsements
to <a href="mailto:twnkl@twnetwork.org">twnkl@twnetwork.org</a> by 15 April 2011<br>
<br>
Many thanks,<br>
<br>
Lim Li Ching (Third World Network) and Edward Hammond</span></p>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">AN OPEN LETTER TO THE 64th WORLD HEALTH
ASSEMBLY ON DESTRUCTION OF SMALLPOX VIRUS STOCKS<br style="mso-special-character:
line-break">
<br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
</b></span></p>
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The undersigned civil society organizations from around the world call on the
Member States of the World Health Organization (WHO), on the occasion of the
64th World Health Assembly, to complete WHO’s historic Smallpox Eradication
Programme by resolving to promptly destroy, once and for all, remaining stocks
of smallpox (variola) virus.<br>
<br>
After decades of remarkable international public health cooperation, in 1977
the scourge of smallpox was eliminated from the wild, leaving the last
remaining samples of the virus in laboratories. These virus stocks come from
all parts of the world. They were turned over to the WHO for safekeeping and
are held in WHO Repositories located in Russia
and the United States.<br>
<br>
Nearly a quarter century ago, in 1986, the WHO’s experts first recommended that
the viruses be destroyed, so that the risk of a future outbreak would be
radically reduced. This recommendation was followed by World Health Assembly
resolutions and more expert recommendations to destroy them. Yet these
dangerous viruses continue to exist.<br>
<br>
These viruses serve no essential public health purpose. Smallpox virus is not
needed to respond to an outbreak. Smallpox vaccine is made from vaccinia, a related
but far less deadly, virus. While effective diagnostics, vaccines and other
means to contain an outbreak exist, for years the US
and Russia
have used specious scientific arguments to thinly veil their political
determination to retain the virus.<br>
<br>
The time has come for these stocks to be destroyed once and for all. This may
only be accomplished through the will of the World Health Assembly.<br>
<br>
Six years ago, civil society and governments united to turn back dangerous
attempts to genetically engineer smallpox. That success led to a deeper
examination of scientific needs to retain the virus stocks, culminating in a
major review of smallpox virus research in 2010 that has been tabled this year.
This major review, conducted by WHO experts in public health, concludes that no
compelling scientific reason remains to retain the virus samples.<br>
<br>
In May 2011, the 64th World Health Assembly will discuss the findings of the
major review. While Russia
and the United States
may be expected to resist a firm decision to destroy the virus samples, they
can no longer credibly claim any scientific basis for doing so. Continued
retention of smallpox virus samples serves no essential public health purpose,
and the possibility of their escape, amplified by the risks of unnecessary
research, threatens all countries. Indeed, the last recorded smallpox case, in
1978, was the result of a laboratory accident.<br>
<br>
Destroying smallpox virus stocks is not only the last step in the great
achievement of eradicating the disease; it is the single most important thing
that the international community can do to ensure that it never appears again.
By making possession of the virus a crime against humanity, any future attempt
to recreate the virus through biotechnology methods would meet international
condemnation and sanction.<br>
<br>
Hundreds of millions of people have been killed by smallpox in its terrible
history. Well into the second half of the 20th Century, before WHO’s
Eradication Programme met success, millions of people died from smallpox every
year and tens of millions were disfigured by the disease. In the absence of any
essential public health reason to do so, no country can be allowed to retain
stocks of such a horrible disease.<br>
<br>
Our call to you, delegates to the 64th World Health Assembly, is for you to
unequivocally terminate research with smallpox virus and to fix a prompt and
irrevocable date for the destruction of the virus stocks. In doing so, the 64th
World Health Assembly can reclaim the lost mantle of WHO’s successful 1960s and
70s eradication effort, and set in motion the final chapter in humanity’s
victory over this most dreadful disease.</span></p>