<br>
<div class="gmail_quote"><br>From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ruglucia@paho.org">ruglucia@paho.org</a>></span><br>crossposted from: <a href="mailto:EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org">EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org</a><br>
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<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><b><font color="maroon" size="3" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: maroon; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">International Migration of Health Workers: </span></font></b><b><font color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><br>
</span></font></b><b><font color="maroon" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: maroon; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">improving international co-operation to address the global health workforce crisis </span></font></b><b><font color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><br>
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<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Joint OECD/WHO Policy Brief <br></span></font></b> </p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">PDF [8p.] available online at OECD web site: <a title="http://www.oecd.org/health/workforce" href="http://www.oecd.org/health/workforce" target="_blank"><font color="navy"><span style="COLOR: navy">www.oecd.org/health/workforce</span></font></a></span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">PDF [8p.] available online at WHO web site: <a title="http://www.who.int/hrh/resources/joint/en/index.html" href="http://www.who.int/hrh/resources/joint/en/index.html" target="_blank"><font color="navy"><span style="COLOR: navy">http://www.who.int/hrh/resources/joint/en/index.html</span></font></a><br>
 </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">"…In most OECD countries, the share of foreign-trained doctors has been increasing in recent years. In 2008 (or the latest year available), the percentage of foreign-trained doctors ranged from below 1% in Poland to 39% in New Zealand. High percentages are also recorded in the United Kingdom and Ireland where around a third of all doctors were trained abroad. In Australia and the United States, this percentage was respectively 23% and 26% in 2007.</span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The share of foreign-trained nurses tends to be lower than for doctors. In Sweden, for example, less than 3% of nurses were foreign-trained in 2008 compared with over 18% for doctors. Similar findings apply to most OECD countries but not in Ireland which has the second highest nurses-to-doctor ratio in the OECD (5 to 1) and where about 47% of the nurses were foreign-trained in 2008 compared with almost 36% for doctors…"</span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">This joint OECD/WHO Policy Brief provides new insights on recent migration trends for doctors and nurses up to 2008 and discusses the main causes and consequences for destination and origin countries. It also presents possible policy responses stressing the importance of international co-operation to address the worldwide scarcity of health workers. ….”<br>
 </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Content: </span></font></b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"></span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1. What are the main trends in the international migration of health workers?</span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2. What are the main drivers of international mobility of doctors and nurses?</span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">3. What is the impact of migration on less developed countries?</span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4. How can countries respond?</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">5. How to strengthen international co-operation?</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">6. For further information</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">7. For further reading</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in" class="MsoNormal"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">8. Where to contact us?<br><br></span></font></p></div></div></div></div>