<div class="gmail_quote">From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ruglucia@paho.org">ruglucia@paho.org</a>></span><br>crossposted from: <a href="mailto:EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org">EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org</a><br>
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<h1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font color="maroon" size="3" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: maroon; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Multidrug and extensively drug-resistant TB (M/XDR-TB)<br>2010 Global report on surveillance and response<br>
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<h1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">World Health Organization, 2010</span></font></b><font color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy"></span></font></h1>
<h1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><i><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal">…..Drug-resistant tuberculosis now at record levels….<br>
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<h1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal">Available online PDF [71p.] at: <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241599191_eng.pdf" target="_blank"><font color="navy"><span style="COLOR: navy">http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241599191_eng.pdf</span></font></a> <br>
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<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="1" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 8pt">18 MARCH 2010 | GENEVA | WASHINGTON DC –</span></font><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> “……In some areas of the world, one in four people with tuberculosis (TB) becomes ill with a form of the disease that can no longer be treated with standard drugs regimens, a World Health Organization (WHO) report says.</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">For example, 28% of all people newly diagnosed with TB in one region of north western Russia had the multidrug-resistant form of the disease (MDR-TB) in 2008. This is the highest level ever reported to WHO. Previously, the highest recorded level was 22% in Baku City, Azerbaijan, in 2007.</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">In the new WHO's <i><span style="FONT-STYLE: italic">Multidrug and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: 2010 Global Report on Surveillance and Response</span></i>, it is estimated that 440 000 people had MDR-TB worldwide in 2008 and that a third of them died. In sheer numbers, Asia bears the brunt of the epidemic. Almost 50% of MDR-TB cases worldwide are estimated to occur in China and India. In Africa, estimates show 69 000 cases emerged, the vast majority of which went undiagnosed…..”<br>
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<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Content:</span></font></b></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Summary </span></font><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"></span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Introduction </span></font><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"></span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Part I: Surveillance of M/XDR-TB </span></font></b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"></span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1.1 Geographical coverage of anti-TB drug resistance data </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1.2 Resistance to first-line anti-TB drugs, including MDR-TB </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1.3 Risk factors for drug resistance: previous treatment, sex and HIV </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1.4 Trends over time </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1.5 Resistance to second-line anti-TB drugs, including XDR-TB </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1.6 Estimated global burden of MDR-TB </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Part II: Progress in the global response to M/XDR-TB </span></font></b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"></span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2.1 Scaling up laboratory services for diagnosis of M/XDR-TB </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2.2 Reporting of MDR-TB patients and their treatment outcomes </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2.3 Addressing other health systems considerations for the response to M/XDR-TB </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2.4 Financing the care of drug-resistant TB patients in the 27 high MDR-TB burden countries </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font color="navy" size="2" face="Arial"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">References <br>Annexes</span></font></p>
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