<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ruglucia@paho.org">ruglucia@paho.org</a>></span><br>crossposted from: <a href="mailto:EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org">EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org</a><br>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" color="maroon" size="3"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: maroon; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Economic Arguments for addressing the social determinants of health inequalities<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Working Document No.4 - 2009<br>DETERMINE - EU Consortium for Action on the Socioeconomic Determinants of Health (SDH).<br>
<br></span></font></b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Available online PDF [31p.] at: <a href="http://www.health-inequalities.eu/pdf.php?id=25d4fa63460c83d64115e80cd65980d3" target="_blank"><font color="navy"><span style="COLOR: navy">http://www.health-inequalities.eu/pdf.php?id=25d4fa63460c83d64115e80cd65980d3</span></font></a> <br>
<br></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">“………….an overview of how the framework for identifying and exploring economic arguments for addressing social determinants of health inequalities was developed. It also describes how the data was collected and provides general comments on responses received.</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">This chapter presents the findings of a literature review conducted in June 2008 together with further research in April 2009. The review was undertaken to help inform and shape further data collection by establishing the main economic arguments for addressing social determinants of health inequalities.</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br>Health can be considered in economic terms as both a capital and a consumption good. In the case of health as a capital good, people in good health attract a higher value than those in poor health due to their greater ability to be economically productive. Health as a consumption good is concerned with the contribution that good health makes to an individual’s wellbeing, happiness or satisfaction.</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br>Targeted investment to address health inequalities by action on social determinants of health is more cost effective than paying later for the consequences of these inequalities. It follows then that addressing health inequalities is not only a matter of social justice but also contributes to economic growth.</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br></span></font></b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">The aim of this task was to better understand if and how economic arguments are being used to address social determinants of health inequalities within selected member states and by the institutions of the European Union. It is intended to use findings from this task to achieve more widespread adoption of effective and proven approaches to tackling health inequalities.<br>
<br></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">The objectives of the task were:</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">• To explore opportunities and challenges to using economic arguments to address social determinants of health inequalities.</span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">• To identify examples of relevant economic evaluations that consider outcomes in terms of health and health inequalities.<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><i><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Contents</span></font></i></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Summary </span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Introduction </span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">1. Instrument design and data collection </span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2. Making the case: Establishing economic arguments </span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3. Opportunities and challenges to using economic arguments </span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">4. Examples of economic evaluations that consider health outcomes </span></font></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">5. Conclusion and recommendations </span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">References </span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Appendix 1: Glossary of frequently used terms </span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Appendix 2: Task timeline & questionnaire<br><br></span></font></p>
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