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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 17pt; COLOR: #072546; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"></span></b> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 17pt; COLOR: #072546; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Welcome to the EG4H Newsletter!</span></b></div>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt; COLOR: #0a4382; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Newsletter 9, 14th September 2009</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">In this newsletter from EG4H...</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8.4pt 30pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">§<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span></span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Tobin or not Tobin? That is the question...</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> - Find out why the Tobin Tax has resurfaced as a way to respond to the crisis in funding for the health MDGs</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8.4pt 30pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">§<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span></span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">$10 billion financing gap to scale up the health MDGs</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> - read about the data behind the numbers</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8.4pt 30pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">§<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span></span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The IMF needs more than guidance and support: it is time for a complete overhaul</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> - Why EG4H is against a Global Economic Council for the IMF</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8.4pt 30pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">§<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span></span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Just Out!</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> Links to the latest writing and events on economic governance for health**</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; mso-outline-level: 1"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: #0a4382; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt">Are you interested in helping us get the word out about the importance of economic governance for health?</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Would you like to do more and join our active campaign outreach network? We have an expanding number of 'outreachers' who help <b>amplify</b> our message. </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT">Typically they do this by:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8.4pt 30pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">§<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Forwarding information about EG4H to their own network of contacts and lists </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8.4pt 30pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">§<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Encouraging people to respond to an EG4H request or to take up action on an event we are promoting.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8.4pt 30pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">§<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Translating EG4H primers or communications into additional languages</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">If you are interested in joining</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> this network of active campaigners, or can suggest organizations - or better still <b>key people within those organizations</b> - whom we should contact, please send an email to </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="mailto:info@eg4health.org" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">info@eg4health.org</span></a></span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> <span lang="EN-GB"></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 17pt; COLOR: #072546; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Tobin or not Tobin, that is the question...</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The brain child of Nobel prize winning economist James Tobin, the idea behind </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/d5dfdd76e0a844d2f1af1eaeb8ae9ae2?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">the 'Tobin Tax</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">' is that a tax would - and should - be levied on the currency market. Trade in currency - essentially betting on whether the value of a currency will go up or down - is a massive market: approximately $1.8 <b>trillion</b> of currency are traded every day. The idea has been largely ignored by politicians since it was first mooted in the 1970s because of pressure from the banking sector, who would incur a small cost - 10-25 cents for every $100. But the potential benefits are huge - $100-300 billion every year to spend on global priorities.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt; COLOR: #0a4382; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Banking: a "socially useless activity"</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The Tobin Tax is in the news again this month because UK Financial Services Authority chairman, Lord Turner is supporting renewed calls to establish a <b>Currency Transaction Levy</b> (CTL) - a Tobin Tax by any other name. Civil society campaigners developed the idea prior to the G20 meeting in London earlier this year, and Turner's support for it has caused outrage in the banking sector; although describing much of the activity of London bankers as "socially useless", may also have had something to do with it. However, the CTL proposal comes at a time when the UN is estimating a </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/2c93d57985a87dd42aca723a70357ae9?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">$5 billion shortfall</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> for international aid projects, and when the Global Fund is facing a </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/aa048a455034a5f6cc4a48eae2dd0673?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">$3 billion deficit</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">. Clearly, it is a vital time to be pushing governments to adopt such innovative reform.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt; COLOR: #0a4382; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Support for the Levy</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The UK-base NGO </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/54f1f70f206cfd48b2bf72d0b73a81fc?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Aids Alliance</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> is actively campaigning for the CTL, arguing that a levy of just 0.005% on major currencies could fill much of the funding gap needed to achieve the health Millennium Development Goals by 2015, including reducing child mortality, improving maternal health and combating AIDS, TB and malaria.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">And as the UK's </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/7d56d336899d2a194f9a0a77fc19177d?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Guardian newspaper</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> reported, Philippe Douste-Blazy, the former French foreign minister now the UN's secretary-general's special adviser on innovative financing for development has also lent his support to the idea. If, as is becoming increasingly likely, investment from western countries decreases and aid commitments fail to reach countries in need, Douste-Blazy's blunt assertion is undeniable: "We can't continue like this. </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT">We have to redefine the system." </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 17pt; COLOR: #072546; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">$10 billion financing gap to scale up the health MDGs - the data behind the numbers</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">As we reported in </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/af83789fe60daa749a349849767c3252?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Newsletter 8</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">, the HIgh Level Taskforce on International Innovative Financing recently reported </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/33cf169d0dc3761e75e9a90baca88f44?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">a figure of $10 billion</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">.pdf) as the 'top-up' required for international donors to meet their Abuja commitments to development. EG4H argued then that this figure was too low and asked for the data behind this calculation to be made publicly available. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The WHO has now published a paper that lays out the details of the </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/93446f071219b8a63facdb83d53ac2f2?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">costing estimates</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> used by the Taskforce. Whilst the Report provides detailed presentations of year-by-year financing by program, and details the interventions included in the costing estimates, it does not provide the country-by-country figures EG4H has been calling for. </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 17pt; COLOR: #072546; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The IMF needs more than guidance and support - it is time for a complete overhaul</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">In a recent article in the Financial Times - </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/f9c663802fd671981ccc59a98c0d4d68?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Global economic council should oversee all</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> - Timothy Adams and Arrigo Sadun present an argument for superceding the G20 and G8 with a Global Economic Council or <b>Gleco</b>. They argue that Gleco would "oversee the proper functioning of the global economy and the stability of the international financial system by providing close political support and strategic guidance to all international financial institutions", including the IMF and World Bank. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">What Adams and Sadun fail to mention is that the IMF has had political, institutional, and financial support and guidance for the last fifty years by the wealthy countries of the global north, often at the expense of countries in the global South that have had little say in the institution's liberal financial policy reforms. EG4H represent a growing campaign to harness the voice of the health community – health workers, academics and activists – in advocating for change in the global institutions that govern the global economy. We argue that instead of the formation of Gleco, the IMF should be opened to further democracy so that the interests of the global south who are affected the most by IMF policy are fairly represented.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">But EG4H goes one step further in its critique of the world's financial institutions. The IMF, World Bank, and others could become the most democratic institutions on the planet <b>and still</b> expound global economic policies that impact negatively on health. And they do impact negatively on health, as the WHO's Commission on the social Determinants of Health reported so clearly in its 2008 Report.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">It is missing the point completely to argue for a new oversight mechanism - such as Gleco - that simply helps the IMF discharge its economic policies more effectively. It is the policies themselves that require radical overhaul: away from the blind neo-liberal policies of the past, and towards policies directed at improving the well being of the poorest as a central concern, and which are sufficiently transparent to avoid inappropriate policy capture within ostensibly democratic structures. </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 17pt; COLOR: #072546; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Just out! Links to the latest writing and events on economic governance for health</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt; COLOR: #0a4382; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/925f0ff7ae6164a8a1e1cb8927b806d9?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">The impact of the financial crisis on conflict and state fragility in sub-Saharan Africa</span></a></span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt; COLOR: #0a4382; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> by Shiv Bakrania and Brian Lucas</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">In this paper from the </span><span style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/31c518066a881548a6231e5b3733f063?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Governance and Social Development Resource Centre</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">, the authors explore the conflict and fragility dimensions of the financial crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa – asserting there is currently little in-depth information available.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.4pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt; COLOR: #0a4382; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: PT"><a href="http://madmimi.com/redirects/8bc247e3bd34ca15751fc6c767e4cad9?pa=228999508" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #e91212; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">The global financial crisis: risks for fragile states in Africa</span></a></span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt; COLOR: #0a4382; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"> by Timothy Othieno </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 15.6pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="COLOR: #03425d; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">In this Opinion piece from the Overseas Development Institute, the author argues that OECD-DAC donors need to at least maintain their aid commitments to African states to counter the effects <br>
of the global financial crisis that has the potential to exacerbate state fragility in Africa.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>