<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Vern Weitzel</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:vern.weitzel@gmail.com">vern.weitzel@gmail.com</a>></span><br>crossposted from: "[health-vn discussion group]" <a href="mailto:health-vn@anu.edu.au">health-vn@anu.edu.au</a><br>
<br><br><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/jun/19/funds-investigation-aids-tb-malaria" target="_blank">http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/jun/19/funds-investigation-aids-tb-malaria</a><br><br>Anti-disease funds could be harming health systems<br>
<br>Lives saved in fight against Aids, TB and malaria but donors may lure hospital<br>workers away<br><br>Sarah Boseley, health editor<br>The Guardian, Friday 19 June 2009<br><br><br>The vast sums of money ploughed into efforts to fight diseases such as Aids, TB<br>
and malaria in the last 10 years have saved many lives but have also sometimes<br>undermined health systems in poor countries, according to a survey by the World<br>Health Organisation and others published today.<br><br>Funding for what the researchers call development assistance for health has<br>
quadrupled from $5.6bn (£3.4bn) in 1990 to $21.8bn in 2007. A worldwide outcry<br>around the turn of the millennium over the plight of people in Africa dying of<br>Aids, a disease kept in check with drugs in rich countries, triggered a rush to<br>
fund big disease-fighting programmes on the part of western governments, aid<br>organisations and philanthropic donors such as the Bill and Melinda Gates<br>Foundation.<br><br>But until now, there has been little attempt to find out how well the money has<br>
been spent and what impact the focus on high-profile diseases has had on the<br>everyday business of hospitals, clinics and overworked healthcare staff in the<br>poorer countries.<br><br>An extensive investigation published in the Lancet by a collaborative group<br>
headed by the WHO but involving a large number of experts from governments,<br>universities, aid organisations and campaigners reveals a mixed picture.<br><br>On the minus side, the report finds that healthcare workers have been lured away<br>
from government hospitals by the higher salaries paid by international<br>organisations involved in Aids and other disease programmes. In some countries,<br>the rush to win grants from the Geneva-based Global Fund to fight Aids, TB and<br>
Malaria may have led to proposals being put forward that are inappropriate.<br><br>The disease-specific programmes, says the report, "address issues of global<br>importance, but whether they serve the specific needs of the countries in the<br>
best way possible is not known".<br><br>The programmes have achieved much and must continue, it adds, but they need to<br>include targets for strengthening the general health systems of the countries<br>where they are working.<br>
<br>On the plus side, millions of people are alive because of the roll-out of HIV<br>drugs to more than 3 million people in developing countries. The number of<br>children protected against malaria by insecticide-impregnated bed nets rose<br>
almost eightfold from 3% in 2001 to 23% in 2006. Disease elimination programmes,<br>such as for polio and river blindness, are making good progress. Global<br>immunisation has also made big strides, the report says.<br><br>
Some programmes have had a wider impact than their immediate focus. Following<br>the big injection of funds for HIV/Aids to Botswana from mainly US donors and<br>its own government, infant mortality dropped and life expectancy increased for<br>
the first time in decades.<br><br>In Kenya, the distribution of bed nets led to more pregnant women attending<br>antenatal clinics.<br><br>To improve the health of as many as possible in the developing world, disease<br>programmes need to include health system strengthening, the group says.<br>
<br>But Dr Jim Kim, of the Harvard school of public health – who set the target for<br>the drugs roll-out when he was head of the WHO's department of HIV/Aids – said<br>the extra money now being spent on health would not have been forthcoming<br>
without the sort of global outcry that was triggered over Aids in Africa.<br><br>"We have to understand the current situation in its historical, social,<br>political context. It came about because of very specific interventions by very<br>
specific people," he said.<br><br>"It would be a mistake to say to the donors, 'you made a mistake and we are now<br>going to correct your mistake'. If you did that, the money would just dry up."<br>
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