<br><span class="gmail_quote">From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Vern Weitzel</b> <<a href="mailto:vern.weitzel@gmail.com">vern.weitzel@gmail.com</a>><br>crossposted from: "[health-vn discussion group]" <a href="mailto:health-vn@anu.edu.au">health-vn@anu.edu.au</a><br>
</span><br>China launches high-tech TB fight<br>Yidong Gong<br><br>The number of Chinese TB patients is 1.3 million, second only to India<br>WHO/STB/Colors Magazine/J. Mollison<br>[BEIJING] A new programme aims to use innovative technologies to improve the<br>
detection and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in China.<br><br>Cutting edge diagnostic tests, drug regimens that reduce the number of pills a<br>patient needs to take, and innovative ways of ensuring patients take their drugs<br>
— such as mobile phone text messaging — will all be rolled out under a programme<br>led by the Chinese Ministry of Health.<br><br>The five-year initiative was announced this week (1 April) on the sidelines of a<br>high-level ministerial meeting — involving more than 27 countries — on multidrug<br>
and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Beijing.<br><br>It will be implemented in five designated provinces and one municipality —<br>covering 20 million people at risk of TB.<br><br>The proposed diagnostic tools will include the use of LED microscopes and<br>
DNA-based diagnosis, Huan Shitong, a senior programme officer at the Bill &<br>Melinda Gates Foundation, told SciDev.Net.<br><br>Using LEDs rather than standard phosphorescent lights in microscopes forms a<br>clearer image and improves TB detection rates in patients' sputum from 50 to 65<br>
per cent. And DNA testing, which can determine which strains of Mycobacterium<br>tuberculosis are present in sputum has 98 per cent accuracy and can be used to<br>detect drug-resistant strains in as little as a day.<br><br>
DNA-based diagnosis is cost-effective, says Rajendra S. Shukla, joint secretary<br>of the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. DNA tests were piloted in<br>India at the end of 2008, and cost US$14 for the general public, he says.<br>
<br>As well as diagnosis, new management methods such as mobile phone text messaging<br>and medicine kits with built-in reminder alarms will be used to enhance<br>patients' drug compliance. Drug combinations — where different drugs are<br>
combined in the same pill — will also be used to reduce the number of pills a<br>patient has to take from around 13 to three or four a day.<br><br>After two-and-a-half years effective interventions will be scaled up. Some 20<br>
cities covering 100 million people should be included by the end of the fifth<br>year of the programme, funded by a US$33 million grant from the Bill & Melinda<br>Gates Foundation.<br><br>Margaret Chan, director general of the WHO, expressed her optimism for the<br>
programme, saying that China has a successful record of reaching TB control<br>targets, a high level of political commitment and guaranteed input of domestic<br>resources.<br><br>Statistics from the WHO put the number of Chinese TB patients at 1.3 million,<br>
second only to India.<br>