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<div class="gmail_quote">--From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ruglucia@paho.org">ruglucia@paho.org</a>></span><br>crossposted from: <a href="mailto:EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org">EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org</a><br>
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<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" color="maroon" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: maroon; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies in a Global Market</span></font></b></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">OECD Health Policy Studies - Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, Health Division<br>
September 2008</span></font></b></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><i><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Pharmaceutical pricing policies are designed with national objectives in mind, but are the transnational implications always taken into account?</span></font></i></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Executive summary: <a href="http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/36/2/41303903.pdf" target="_blank"><font color="navy"><span style="COLOR: navy">http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/36/2/41303903.pdf</span></font></a> </span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">OECD website: <a href="http://www.oecd.org/document/36/0,3343,en_2649_33929_41000996_1_1_1_37407,00.html" target="_blank"><font color="navy"><span style="COLOR: navy">http://www.oecd.org/document/36/0,3343,en_2649_33929_41000996_1_1_1_37407,00.html</span></font></a> </span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br>"….This report assesses how pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement policies have contributed to the achievement of certain health policy objectives. It examines the national and transnational effects of these policies, in particular, their implications for the availability of medicines in other countries, the prices of these medicines, and innovation in the pharmaceutical sector.</span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">This publication presents an analysis of comparative price levels, making use of a unique dataset to construct the most comprehensive pan-OECD pharmaceutical price index to date. It also draws upon original case studies of pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement policies in six OECD countries to provide specific examples of the impacts of policies on health system performance The latest comparable data and trends on different aspects of the performance of health systems in OECD countries…."</span></font></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><a name="11caeea655c63252_executive_summary"></a><a name="11caeea655c63252_TOC"></a><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Table of Contents</span></font></b></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Executive Summary</span></font></b></strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br>
</span></font></b><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Introduction</span></font></b></strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br>
</span></font></b><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Chapter 1. Key Characteristics of the Pharmaceutical Sector in OECD Economies</span></font></b></strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></span></font></b></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Chapter 2. The Pharmaceutical Industry and its Activities</span></font></b></strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></span></font></b></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Chapter 3. Pharmaceutical Pricing and Reimbursement and the Broader Pharmaceutical Policy</span></font></b></strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></span></font></b></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Chapter 4. The Impact of Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies on Performance in Meeting Health Policy Goals</span></font></b></strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></span></font></b></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Chapter 5. The Impact of National Pricing and Reimbursement Practices on Prices and Availability of Medicines in Other Countries</span></font></b></strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></span></font></b></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Chapter 6. The Impact of Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies on Pharmaceutical Innovation</span></font></b></strong></p>

<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><strong><b><font face="Arial" color="navy" size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </span></font></b></strong></p>
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