<span class="gmail_quote">From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)</b> <<a href="mailto:ruglucia@paho.org">ruglucia@paho.org</a>><br> <a href="mailto:EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org">EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
</a><br><br></span>











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<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><b><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; font-weight: bold;">The Lancet </span></font></b><b><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2">
<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153); font-weight: bold;">Series, Health and Human Rights</span></font></b><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">
 </span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><b><font color="#993300" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(153, 51, 0); font-weight: bold;">Violations
of human rights: health practitioners as witnesses</span></font></b></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;">James Orbinski, Chris Beyrer, and Sonal
Singh<br>
</span></font><b><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153); font-weight: bold;">The
Lancet, Volume</span></font></b><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);"> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">370</span></b>, <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">
Number</span></b>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">9588</span></b>, <a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue?issue_key=S0140-6736%2807%29X6036-7" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><b>
<font color="#333399"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 153); font-weight: bold;">25 August 2007</span></font></b></a>
</span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">Website: <a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673607613464/fulltext" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
<font color="#333399"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673607613464/fulltext</span></font></a>
</span></font><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">[Free subscription required]</span></font><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;">
</span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">"…..For humanitarian health-care practitioners
bearing witness to violations of human dignity has become synonymous with
denunciations, human rights advocacy, or lobbying for political change. A
strict reliance on legal interpretations of humanitarianism and human rights is
inadequate for fully understanding the problems inherent in political change. …."</span></font></p>

<p style="margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 0.5in;"><b><font color="#993300" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(153, 51, 0); font-weight: bold;">Neglected
diseases, civil conflicts, and the right to health</span></font></b><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;"></span></font></p>

<p style="margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;">Prof Chris Beyrer ,  Juan Carlos
Villar,  Voravit Suwanvanichkij ,Sonal Singh, Stefan D Baral and Edward J
Mills<br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">The Lancet, Volume 370, Number 9587, 18 August
2007</span></b></span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">Website: <a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673607613014/fulltext" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
<font color="#333399"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673607613014/fulltext</span></font></a>
  </span></font><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">[Free subscription
required] </span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;">"…..Neglected
diseases remain one of the largest causes of disease and mortality. In addition
to the difficulties in provision of appropriate drugs for specific diseases,
many other factors contribute to the prevalence of such diseases and the
difficulties in reducing their burden. </span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;"> </span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;">We address the role that
poor governance and politically motivated oppression have on the epidemiology
of neglected diseases. We give case examples including filariasis in eastern Burma and vector-borne diseases (Chagas'
disease, leishmaniasis, and yellow fever) in Colombia, we show the links between
systematic human rights violations and the effects of infectious disease on
health. We also discuss the role of researchers in advocating for and
researching within oppressed populations….."</span></font></p>

<p style="margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 0.5in;"><b><font color="#993300" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(153, 51, 0); font-weight: bold;">Do
human rights matter to health?<br>
</span></font></b><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">Jerome Amir Singh,
Michelle Govender and Edward J Mills<br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">The Lancet, Volume 370, Number 9586, 11
August 2007</span></b></span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);"><a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673607612367/fulltext" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
<font color="#333399"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673607612367/fulltext</span></font></a>
</span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in; line-height: 13.5pt;"><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">Legal instruments and
litigation as a way to enforce the rights to life and to health is a relatively
new strategy that is increasingly common. We show how legal measures have been
used to attain health and human rights with case examples from India and South Africa that resulted in large
public-health benefits.<br>
</span></font><i><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153); font-style: italic;">This
is the second in a <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Series</span></b> of four
papers about health and human rights</span></font></i></p>

<p style="line-height: 13.5pt;"><i><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; font-style: italic;"> </span></font></i></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><b><font color="#993300" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(153, 51, 0); font-weight: bold;">History,
principles, and practice of health and human rights</span></font></b><b><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; font-weight: bold;"><br>
</span></font></b><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;">Sofia Gruskin,  Edward J Mills and
 Daniel Tarantola <br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">The Lancet, Volume 370, Number 9585, 4 August
2007<br>
<br>
</span></b></span></font><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);"><a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673607612008/fulltext" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
<font color="#333399"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673607612008/fulltext</span></font></a>
</span></font></p>

<p style="margin-left: 0.5in; line-height: 13.5pt;"><font color="#333399" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">Individuals and
populations suffer violations of their rights that affect health and wellbeing.
Health professionals have a part to play in reduction and prevention of these
violations and ensuring that health-related policies and practices promote
rights. This needs efforts in terms of advocacy, application of legal
standards, and public-health programming. We discuss the changing views of
human rights in the context of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and propose further
development of the right to health by increased practice, evidence, and action.</span></font></p>

<p style="line-height: 13.5pt;"><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy;"> </span></font></p></div></div><br>