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<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><B>From:</B> <A title=kent@hawaii.edu href="mailto:kent@hawaii.edu">George
Kent</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"> </DIV>It is important to be clear on the
point that the main duty bearer regarding human rights is the nation-state. It
is states that are parties to the international human rights agreements, and it
is states that violate them.
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT
face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR class=khtml-block-placeholder></DIV>
<DIV>NGOs are not parties to the agreements. There is a lot that NGOs can do to
help induce states to honor their obligations, but the NGOs are not under any
legal obligation to do that. </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT
face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR class=khtml-block-placeholder></DIV>
<DIV>One could argue that NGOs as a category have some sort of moral obligation
to do that, but the reality is that any particular NGO sets its own agenda. It
would be difficult to argue that any particular NGO has a moral obligation to
devote itself to advocacy for health as a human right. </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT
face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR class=khtml-block-placeholder></DIV>
<DIV>A similar analysis could be made with regard to health professionals.
Individually, they have a moral, and sometimes a legal responsibility to do no
harm, but they are not directly obligated to do the political work of human
rights advocacy.</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT
face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR
class=khtml-block-placeholder></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>I agree that NGOs and health professionals should be recruited to the right
to health project, but they should not be approached in a way that says they
have a duty to do that. They have no more of a duty to do that than all of us
have.</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV> Feb 12, 2007</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE type="cite"><SPAN class=Apple-style-span
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<DIV id=ygrp-text>
<P style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">From: "Katz,
Alison" <</SPAN><A href="mailto:katza%40who.int"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; COLOR: rgb(0,0,238); LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; khtml-text-decorations-in-effect: underline">katza@who.int</SPAN></A><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">></SPAN><BR
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">> I cannot
agree with the statement that the two main obstacles to </SPAN><BR
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">>
realization of the Right to Health are failures on the part of NGOs and
</SPAN><BR
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">> health
professionals. </SPAN></P>
<P style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><FONT
face=Arial size=2></FONT></SPAN> </P>
<P style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"></SPAN><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">> Re: The
Lancet 2007; 369:438</SPAN><BR
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">>
Editorial</SPAN><BR
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><SPAN
class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">> The
right to health: more than rhetoric</SPAN><BR
style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"></P></DIV></DIV>
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<DIV id=hd1><SPAN class=Apple-style-span
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 13px; COLOR: rgb(98,140,42); LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Yahoo!
Groups</SPAN></DIV>
<P style="FONT-SIZE: 13px; LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: arial"><A
href="http://groups.yahoo.com/start;_ylc=X3oDMTJvYjNrOHA0BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BF9wAzMEZ3JwSWQDMzc2MzgyNwRncnBzcElkAzE3MDUwNjQzMDkEc2VjA25jbW9kBHNsawNncm91cHMyBHN0aW1lAzExNzIwOTc0NTU-"><SPAN
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<DIV id=ygrp-vital><A
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