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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>As promised:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoTitle style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><STRONG><FONT face=Arial><FONT
size=1></FONT></FONT></STRONG></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoTitle style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><STRONG><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>Proposal for a
global ‘Right to Health and Health Care
Campaign’ </FONT></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><STRONG><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>to be launched by
the People’s Health Movement.<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
/><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></STRONG></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[<U>Short
Version, December 2005</U>]<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial
size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial><FONT
size=1>The context<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>1. There is an urgent need to replace the
dominant discourse in health by a process aimed at universally achieving the
‘right to health and to health care’ as the main objective to achieve more
equitable health care systems in both developing and developed countries.
</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>2. The People’s Health Movement (PHM) is
launching a global initiative to strengthen the ‘Right to Health’ (RTH) with a
focus on defending and operationalising the ‘Right to Health Care’.
</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial
size=1>3. Since it is predictable socio-political forces at work that determine
the risk of most forms of human rights violations, this Campaign looks at what
additional measures have to be taken now. 8. It grounds our understanding of
human rights violations in the broader analyses of power and social inequality.
Knowing carries obligations --thus the proposed Campaign.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>4. Poverty is the world’s
greatest killer. It is thus not enough to improve the situation of the poor
within the<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> </I>existing social
relationships. Structures and not just individuals must be changed if the RTH of
the marginalized in the world is to be achieved.
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial
size=1>5. Rights are realised by changing the prevailing power relations. Rights
cannot be advanced but through the organised efforts of the state and of civil
society. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>6. Public health must be
linked to a return to social justice and equity; this is the central challenge
for the future of public health. The Campaign here proposed by PHM thus seeks
the social transformations indispensable to resolve the inequities found in
health.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT
face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
face=Arial size=1>The justification</FONT></SPAN></H1>
<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; mso-element: para-border-div">
<H1
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1>7. There is now a need to launch a global process of
mobilization to actually implement the provisions of General Comment 14* in all
countries. The ‘Right to Health’ will be operationalized by changing global and
national health sector reform
initiatives.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></H1></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB>*: </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt">Nearly 150 countries around the world are parties to the
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. General Comment
14 (GC 14) of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR)
adopted in the year 2000 elaborates on and clarifies the Right to Health by
defining the content, the methods of operationalization, the violations and the
suggested means to monitor the implementation of this right. GC14 is the most
authoritative interpretation of international law relating to the right to
health. </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt"><A
href="http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(symbol)/E.C.12.2000.4.En?OpenDocument">http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(symbol)/E.C.12.2000.4.En?OpenDocument</A>)</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>8. But why do we need a
<B><I>global</I></B> campaign on the Right to Health? Much is wrong with the
neo-liberal model of global restructuring in the world. This process is
unchecked either by national or global mechanisms. It is in this context that
there is growing recognition of the need for a <B><I>global initiative
</I></B>to address health systems issues in a rights-based
framework<B><I>.</I><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"> </SPAN></B><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>What will this
entail?:</SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<OL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=A>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>Neo-liberal policies restrict the revenue
of the state for use for welfare purposes so that governments find themselves
unable to finance health security systems. To put in place <SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">mechanisms</SPAN> of effective
redistribution of resources is only possible through a globally coordinated
effort, thus the Global Campaign.</FONT></SPAN></LI>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .5in left 189.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>We need to establish universal norms
regarding a basic standard of essential health care services that must be
ensured. Further, health care workers distribution must be based on need
rather than on the ability of richer countries to pay more for human resources
from poorer countries. </FONT></SPAN></LI>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>There is also a need to challenge the
dominant global discourse of<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><I>‘Health care as a commodity’ </I><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">and<I> ‘safety nets for those left outside
the benefits’</I></SPAN> wherein health services are increasingly marketized
and governments retreat from the provision of health care. We need to counter
this with a <I>‘Health care as a human right’</I>
discourse.</FONT></SPAN></LI></OL>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>A
Campaign focusing on the Right to Health
Care<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>9.
PHM struggles for and demands the respect of all aspects of <SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">health
rights.</SPAN> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>10.
This right includes both the <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">Right to health determinants</SPAN> </I>such
as<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> </I><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">water, food security, housing, sanitation,
education, a safe and healthy working and living environment, etc., and
the</SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> <SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">Right to health care</SPAN> </I><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">(the right to the entire spectrum of
preventive, curative and rehabilitative services plus health education and
selected promotive activities</SPAN><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">).</I><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>11.
Naturally, the global health movement has an important role to play regarding
both of the above components of the Right to Health.<I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> </I>However, in practice, this suggests two
types of tasks for the global health
movement:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><o:p><FONT face=Arial
size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>I.
<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">Tackling the</B> <B><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">right to health
determinants</SPAN></B><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT
size=1>12.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Supporting campaigns on
water, food security, housing, etc. There are existing initiatives already<I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> </I>working for these rights. This
recognition places the obligation on PHM activists to actively support such
initiatives though not necessarily to take up the responsibility of primary
leadership of such groups. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>13.
A specific role that has to be played by PHM activists is to document violations
of the Right to Health and its underlying determinants. Health-based arguments
can indeed significantly strengthen the demands to tackle these<I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> </I>determinants.
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><o:p><FONT face=Arial
size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>II.
<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">Strengthening the</B> <B><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">right to health
care</SPAN></B><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>14.
This is a task for which the global health movement has an unquestionable
responsibility to take the lead on.<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">
</I><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>We
suggest the following <SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">overall
strategy<I> </I></SPAN>for PHM:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>15.
Regarding the strengthening the Right to health determinants, PHM country
circles would continue to expand their involvement in these initiatives in their
countries and regions. PHM may even co-initiate specific international campaigns
on a particular health determinant (e.g., the Right to Water). However, it is
not strategically possible for a global health movement like PHM to launch a
single campaign encompassing all health determinants on a global
scale.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>16.
We suggest launching a <B><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">Global Right
to Health and Health Care Campaign</SPAN></B>. PHM has a primary responsibility
regarding this issue. However, during this campaign, the documenting of
violations will not be restricted to those in the sphere of health care, but
will encompass denouncing violations of health rights related to the various
determinants of health. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>17.
These two types of activities should be combined as part of a comprehensive
approach to the Right to Health. This differentiated strategy does not reflect
any judgement on the relative importance of health care vs. the underlying and
basic determinants of people’s health; it is rather a question of the strategic
approach chosen. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><o:p><FONT face=Arial
size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial><FONT
size=1>What is the added value of adopting this focus?<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>18. A RTH Campaign has a big social
mobilization potential; the HR approach is backed by international legislation;
the RTH approach demands that decision-makers take responsibility; HR imply
correlative duties that are universal and indivisible; and (Unlike the MDGs) the
HR approach is focused on processes that lead to concrete
outcomes.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial><FONT
size=1>What does the RTH imply?<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>19. In every development process there are
two types of actors: <B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">claim holders and
duty bearers</B>. When the State does not respect human rights, claim holders
have to demand their rights from the duty bearers in government.
</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>20. The marginalized are being denied their
rights, in part because, as claim holders, they do not have the capacity to
effectively demand (claim) their rights; rights are also violated because duty
bearers do not have the capacity or the will to fulfil their obligations (called
‘correlative duties’).</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>21. Therefore, in the HR-based approach
(HRBAP) one has to carry out two types of analyses: a)<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">situation analyses</B> in which one
determines the causes of the problems placing them in a hierarchical causality
chain of immediate, underlying and basic determinants, and b) <B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">capacity analyses</B> in which one
determines <U>who</U> are the individuals/institutions that bear the duty to do
something about the above causes calling on them to fulfil their duties as per
their country’s obligations as signatory of the United Nations HR covenants.
</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>22. These two types of analyses have to be
carried out with the community and the beneficiaries of the health system so
that the rights being violated can be identified jointly and those responsible
can be confronted --for them to do something about the problems
identified.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>23. <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>As a PHM ultimate goal, we do NOT look
for health policies that favour the poor… We seek significant poverty reduction
policies that directly address the social determinants of the inequitable
distribution of resources, as much as we seek to end the exiting violations to
the RTH.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The Campaign gives us the
possibility of advancing PHM’s political agenda that strives for equity and for
the structural changes that will do away with the social, economic and political
determinants of health.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>24. <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>We are no longer going to go to beg for
changes to be implemented; we are now going to demand them based on existing
international law already in force in most of the countries where we work.
Disseminating this concept is in itself empowering and is part and parcel of
this Campaign. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>25. We have to overcome the culture of
silence and apathy about the HR violations in health we all know are happening.
This, because HR and the RTH will never be given to poor, marginalized,
discriminated and indigenous persons. Repeat: <B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">rights are never given, they have to be
fought for!</B> And this is what the RTH Campaign will attempt to do.
</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
face=Arial size=1>Suggested focus of the Campaign</FONT></SPAN></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>26. It does not need to be emphasised that
specific important aspects of this Right, such as women’s and children’s right
to health care, mental health rights, HIV and AIDS-affected persons health care
rights, workers’ health rights, the right to essential drugs, etc. need to (and
will) be woven into the Campaign, bringing diverse branches of the global health
movement into a broad coalition working for public health systems that
strengthen universal access to health care.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>27. PHM will document violations, which can
help push for changes in the key wider determinants of health; they will also
denounce and act upon adverse existing and new policies that are having negative
impacts on the Right to Health (such as the privatisation of services, the
weakening of universal access systems, vertical programmes that fragment health
systems, the current 90/10 gap in research funding, the unjust international
trade regimes --to name just but a few). </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
face=Arial size=1>Possible organizational collaboration</FONT></SPAN></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>28. The United Nations Special Rapporteur on
the Right to Health has already shown interest in the idea of this global
Campaign. WHO will need to be strongly influenced, and could be a potential
collaborator. PHM has been a key actor in the launching of the Commission on the
Social Determints of Health (CSDH) of WHO which we see having a real potential
in the fight for the RTH care. Most countries have National Human Rights
Commissions or official bodies that can be involved in monitoring the Right to
Health. Present PHM-member organizations will also involve a broader range of
civil society organizations in our network including women’s organizations,
coalitions of HIV and AIDS-affected persons, trade unions of health sector
personnel, people’s movements, etc.; in this sense the campaign would be led by
PHM-and-partners.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
face=Arial size=1>Suggested process to launch the Campaign</FONT></SPAN></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>29. To move towards implementing the Campaign
process, we here propose a sequence of activities.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">I.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Preparatory phase</SPAN></B><SPAN
lang=EN-GB> (early to mid 2006) </SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .75in; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Creation of a broad consensus on the
Campaign idea. Formation of a ‘Core Campaign Steering Group’ of about 6-8
organizations who are willing to help coordinate the Campaign globally. This
team will actively support a host of regional organizers and will lead the
international networking work, plus the fund-raising and advocacy work for the
Campaign. To support this team, a global campaign secretariat (of about three to
four .persons) will need to be formed to coordinate the
campaign.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .75in; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Identification of specific (existing PHM
or newly associated) groups that will take <B><I>regional
responsibilities.</I></B> If possible, at least one consultation within each
region to discuss the campaign will have to be held. </SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .75in; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Identification of short and long-term
sources of funding.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .75in; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Ensure local campaign ownership and active
involvement throughout the process. A mechanism for regular consultation with
allies will be set up.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .75in; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">5.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Completion of guidelines for the
preparation of status papers on ‘The State of the Right to Health’ in each
country (early 2006). </SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .75in; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">6.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Contribution to the next (2007) edition of
the Global Health Watch.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face=Arial
size=1></FONT></SPAN></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>30.This phase will culminate in a restricted
consultation of the Steering Group in the first quarter of 2006 in which the
developments so far will be reviewed and plans made for the next phase of the
Campaign. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">II.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Documentation and analysis
phase</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-GB> (the last three quarters of
2006).</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>31. During this period, country, regional and
global reports will be prepared as follows:</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .75in; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Country papers or reports on the Status of
the Right to Health Care will be completed in the countries of at least two
regions; in the other regions, the process will be started and brought to as an
advanced stage as possible. Options are as follows:</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<UL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=disc>
<UL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=disc>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><B><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Full blown Country
Reports</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-GB>: These will be the most extensive and
will analyse all or most aspects of the health care system in the country
and report on their current status with facts and figures, documenting why
and how General Comment 14 has (not) been fulfilled five years after its
adoption (within the framework of a ‘progressive realization of the right to
health’).</SPAN></FONT></FONT></LI>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><B><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Country Status
Papers</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-GB>: These will be less detailed and may not
cover all components of the health sector, but will be based on country
level information and statistics that bring out major health care system
gaps.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></LI>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><B><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Country
Overviews</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-GB>: These will only contain a listing of
major issues of concern from the Right to Health perspective (e.g.,
declining health budgets, unregulated privatization, imposition of user
fees, dismantling of the social security system).
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></LI></UL></UL>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>32. The aim is that about 40-50 countries
will prepare these country reports or status papers –aiming at a minimum of 5 in
each region.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .75in; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>A <B>Global Health Watch Report chapter on
the Right to Health</B> could be drafted<B> </B>focused on how the various
global agencies and actors are infringing the Right to Health in different ways.
It will also focus on the minimum obligations developed countries have to
contribute to health care development in poorer countries and to stop the
northward migration of health professionals.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>33. This phase will culminate with the
concrete planning of Regional Assemblies on the Right to Health in the seven or
eight regions (to be determined) of the world: Dates, venues, financial
arrangements, major agenda contents and organising agencies will be identified
and given concrete mandates. For this, a pre-planning meeting to finalise the
program of these regional assemblies may be held at the end of
2006.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">III.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><B><SPAN
lang=EN-GB>Regional Assemblies and subsequent action phase </SPAN></B><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(after the World Health
Assembly of May 2007)</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face=Arial size=1>34: Plans
are as follows:</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Sequential <B>Regional assemblies on the
Right to Health</B> will be held in all regions of the world: one assembly in
each of the seven or eight regions, spaced about 2 months apart. These would be
called by PHM, with involvement of the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to
Health and WHO, and will be attended by national health officials, national
human rights committees and PHM, as well as other health and human rights
activists. Available country reports/country performance report cards on the
Right to Health will be presented and discussed. These assemblies will attract
wide media coverage. Action plans to implement the Right to Health will be
drawn, discussed and presented in the second half of the assemblies.
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>This series of regional assemblies may
culminate in some kind of a resolution being proposed for adoption at, say, the
World Health Assembly in <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on">Geneva</st1:City></st1:place> in 2008. Such a resolution will call
for the time-bound implementation of the Right to Health. This will include
demanding governments progressively incorporate RTH principles and standards
into their national laws. Further, the resolution will put in place mechanisms
for monitoring and redressal of this right in all countries of the world. PHM
partner organizations will also use this as a concrete opportunity to
draw-in many more organizations into the network, to dialogue with their country
governments, and to engage with national NGOs and human rights bodies.
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Finalisation of the Global Health Watch
report on the Right to Health is envisioned for April 2007. The same could
include summaries of all the regional analysis papers and a one-page
standardized abstract of the available country Right to Health reports.
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Preparation of a <B>‘Global Action Plan on
the Right to Health Care’. </B>Such a document will convincingly show how
quality essential health care services could be made available NOW to every
human being on earth, provided certain key reallocation of priorities and
resources are enacted. This Global assessment will be accompanied by practical
recommendations for the countries in each region; the latter will form the basis
of a Concrete Agenda to achieve the goals set out in the People’s Charter for
Health.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT size=1><SPAN lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">5.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>The 2008 World Health Assembly will be
asked to adopt a <B>‘Declaration on the Right to Health for All’</B> for
implementation by member countries, The same will have time-bound, specific and
monitorable goals and contain the basic principles of a bottom-up health sector
reform. The aim will be to sponsor effective community involvement and
monitoring in health thus operationalizing the Right to Health. A shift in
policies of all the international agencies working in the health sector will be
demanded so that they progressively move towards a human rights-based approach
to health planning.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>35. Some shift in the focus of WHO towards
the Human Rights-based Approach to Health will be needed: a shift that puts
universal access systems at the center and that strengthens a group inside WHO
that will continue to work and provide leadership on this work.
</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>36. The strengthening and broadening of the
PHM network in various countries across the globe will be both an outcome, and
also an imperative to take the Movement forward around this rallying
point.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; TEXT-INDENT: 9pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>A few conceptual and strategic
points</FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 27.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>37.
i- The Campaign will challenge the commoditization of health, asserting the
inalienable role of the state in public health systems with the public at the
center.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 27.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>ii-
The Campaign makes health rights operational, and thus requires demanding
specific commitments and norms that provide measurable parameters for monitoring
<U>and</U> for the enforcement of redressal mechanisms.
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 27.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>iii-
The Campaign builds a broad strategic alliance involving various special health
rights movements that already (or not yet) claim the Right to Health as a key
human right.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 27.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>iv-
The Campaign is deeply rooted in national initiatives, yet also addresses key
global processes and counters powerful strategic
opponents.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 27.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=1>v-
The Campaign vies for putting the RTH more at the center of attention in the
health discourse, and engages major actors making them take an explicit stand on
the Right to Health.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 27.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>vi- For today, the Campaign represents a
strategy of resistance (i.e., preventing a further weakening of public health
systems) and, for tomorrow, it offers a whole new alternative vision (i,e.,
universal access to comprehensive health care plus the tackling of the key
negative<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>determinants of health).
</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 27.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>vii- The Campaign will be used to shift the
discourse from the preoccupation with vertical programmes and
privatisation-oriented measures to focusing more on widespread denial and
violations of the Right to Health, on demanding a global consensus on the
implementation of this right, and on asking that all programmes and measures now
be critically evaluated according to the tenets of health as a
right.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
face=Arial size=1>What may be realistically achieved through the proposed
process?</FONT></SPAN></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>38. We have no illusion that systematically
raising the issue of the ‘Right to Health’ will by itself lead to an actual
complete implementation of this right in countries across the globe. The
universal provision of even basic health care services involves major budgetary,
operational and systemic changes; in addition to shifting to a rights-based
framework, major political and legal reorientations are thus needed --and such
major changes cannot be expected to happen in full in the near
future.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>39. However, we can expect and can work on a
number of more achievable objectives that can take us towards the larger Human
Rights goal. Some of these ‘achievables’ to be considered in our Campaign are:
the explicit recognition of the Right to Health Care at country level; the
formation, in some countries, of health rights monitoring bodies with PHM and
civil society participation; a clearer delineation of health rights at both
global and country level; the shifting of the focus of WHO towards health
rights/universal access systems and the strengthening of groups within WHO that
will work along these lines; and, finally, the strengthening of the PHM network
in as many countries as possible so all its members work around a common and
broad rallying point.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=1> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
face=Arial size=1>Organization of PHM and of partners and the
Campaign</FONT></SPAN></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=1>40. Recognizing that PHM country circles
--which were formed during or after the first People’s Health Assembly (PHA1)
need to move beyond discussions to develop forceful, shared advocacy activities;
this is crucial if they are to develop further and to draw-in more groups into
our movement. There is now a need to develop and carry out shared and more
effective advocacy actions at country level. These are to be directed at
engaging both claim-holder groups and decision-makers (duty-bearers) in an
effort to bring about needed changes in the existing (and often deteriorating)
situation. A ‘Right to Health and Health Care’ Campaign can be such a catalyst
and unifying process bringing together existing and new PHM circles, as well as
involving new partner groups and networks. The campaign has the potential to
give space to new organizations and networks, which have so far not been active
in PHM. Assessing the campaign’s viability will start by ascertaining the
existence of a minimum critical mass of PHM-and-partners strength and power in a
substantial number of countries. Our appeal is for such a process to start as
early as possible. As a first step, we plan to explore the potential of this
global Right to Health and Health Care Campaign. We have to make use of the
momentum achieved at PHA2 to crystallise and plan the future courses of action
of the Campaign --understanding that each country will move at its best
(individual) pace.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in"><I><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">-Abhay Shukla and Claudio Schuftan, People’s Health
Movement <st1:country-region w:st="on">India</st1:country-region> and <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">Vietnam</st1:country-region></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in"><I><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><A
href="mailto:abhayseema@vsnl.com">abhayseema@vsnl.com</A>; <A
href="mailto:claudio@hcmc.netnam.vn">claudio@hcmc.netnam.vn</A> </SPAN></I><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></BODY></HTML>