<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML xmlns:o = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:st1 =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<META content="MSHTML 6.00.2900.2180" name=GENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=#ffffff><FONT face=Arial size=2>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT
size=3>A bit of history:<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT size=3><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"></SPAN></B></FONT> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT size=3><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">FROM
SAVAR TO <st1:City w:st="on">CUENCA</st1:City> VIA <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">BANGALORE</st1:City></st1:place> - EXPERIENCE OF
THE PHM SECRETARIAT TEAM: </SPAN></B><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Reflections on PHM
Realities and Future Challenges.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">[This is
a ten pages excerpt of a 25 pages document of the same name posted in the PHM
website. </SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT
face="Times New Roman">T<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">he full document
is available for downloading in pdf format in the "papers" section of the site:
<A
href="http://www.phmovement.org/en/resources/papers">http://www.phmovement.org/en/resources/papers</A>
. The direct link for downloading it is: <A
href="http://www.phmovement.org/files/From_Savar_to_Cuenca_via_Bangalore_summary.pdf">http://www.phmovement.org/files/From_Savar_to_Cuenca_via_Bangalore_summary.pdf</A></I>
</FONT></SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">]</SPAN></I><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">PART
2:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><o:p><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">a)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Global/Regional
Secretariats and steering group<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoBodyTextIndent
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt"><FONT
size=3>Guidelines relevant to a PHM global secretariat were evolved in November
2002 in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Bangladesh</st1:country-region> before the
shift of PHM secretariat to CHC in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on">Bangalore</st1:City></st1:place>. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">A few
general points are included here. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The
concept of a global secretariat with a full time coordinator and a small team of
communication officer, secretariat assistant etc., was a necessary aspect of the
phase 2002-05 because the PHM was an evolving movement.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>However, as the movement has grown both
in visibility and in terms of demands on global secretariat teams this is not a
viable proposition now.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l1 level7 lfo2"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">a)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">A large
number of activities/responses/functions presently carried out by the global
secretariat and coordinator can be better done perhaps more effectively by
regional coordinators if they have the capacity and aptitude to be inclusive,
representative and responsive.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Ravi
Narayan was available full time on this global assignment.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Funding partners were supportive, as
were PHM resource persons from the region.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>This led to an unusual combination of supportive factors not easy to find
in every hosting region willing to host the secretariat. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l1 level7 lfo2"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">b)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Enhancing
regional coordination with supportive NGOs hosting regional secretariats and
providing at least part time coordinator is needed. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list 45.0pt; mso-list: l1 level7 lfo2"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">c)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">I must
be noted that global and regional coordinators are not expected to do both
executive and convening roles, which can be conflicting. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list 45.0pt; mso-list: l1 level7 lfo2"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">d)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">As a
general rule, steering groups should not consist of icons or very famous or well
known resource persons. These should be on advisory groups.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Efforts should be made in a concerted
way to identify and foster younger leadership in all regions.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list 45.0pt 2.25in; mso-list: l1 level7 lfo2"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">e)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">All
councils or steering group members should have limited periods on the
group/council – never more than 2 years so that there can be rotation of
responsibilities and ‘new blood’. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list 45.0pt 2.25in; mso-list: l1 level7 lfo2"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">f)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Some
watch on ‘representativeness’ and ‘responsiveness’ of council or steering group
members must be maintained.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list 45.0pt 2.25in; mso-list: l1 level7 lfo2"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">g)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">While
funds and other forms of resource support may be provided from the global budget
of PHM, regionalisation should also focus on regional capacity building which
should ultimately lead to regional capacity to plan, organize, raise own
resources and evolve local governance and advisory structures without too much
reliance or dependence on global efforts/coordination.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">5. ISSUE
CIRCLES.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The
experience of the secretariat in supporting/facilitating issue based circles and
campaigns have been very diverse. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">i.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Only
three circles the WHO-WHA Advocacy Circle; the Research Circle and the War and
Disaster Circle have been consistently active helping greatly to enhance PHM
visibility, relevance, contribution and to some extent impact. However, even
these three circles, need to plan their communications on PHA-Exchange and the
PHM website in a more coordinated way to interest new members in their
activities. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">ii.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Efforts
to facilitate a PHM – HIV/AIDS circle after the UNAIDS request for a dialogue in
2002 and the interest shown by WHO with its 3 x 5 initiative to dialogue with
PHM around IHF/WSF Mumbai, January 2004 saw some activity leading to the
development of the People’s Charter for HIV / AIDS before the Bangkok World AIDS
Conference.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>However, this circle
has been somewhat dormant since.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">iii.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">A
Macro-economics and <st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Health
Circle</st1:address></st1:Street> worked on a statement/PHM position on Jeffrey
Sachs report.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">iv.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Politics
of Health–IPHC had offered to host such a circle. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">v.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Disability
and <st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Economics
Circle</st1:address></st1:Street> – a meeting was organized at one of the GFHR
fora and there was some interest from many. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">vi.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">PHA2 –
international organizing committee (IOC</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">): This
was set up to help with PHA2 organisation and mobilization.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">vii.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">More
recently, a Global Health Watch, a Global Right to Health Campaign and a
WHO-CSDH dialogue with PHM are three PHM-related activities which are evolving
into relevant and perhaps effective circles of PHM members working together.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">viii.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">PHM
Communication Circle</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">: The
idea of bringing together PHM resource persons and secretariat support group
members who help with communication, Website, News Brief, PHA-Exchange, PHM
Charters translation and media has failed consistently in spite of efforts in
2002. Recently, however, after PHA2, such a website linked communications circle
has been established. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">ix.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">IPHU at
PHA2 resulted in three potential circles of IPHU student volunteers in the areas
of Trade and Health; PHC experiences; and Social Determinants of Health. These
are evolving slowly. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><B><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo3"><B><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">6.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">FUNDING
AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in"><B><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">This was
a major challenge and learning experience for us.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">i)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The PHA1
funding strategy had successfully managed to raise adequate resources from two
types of funding partners during the pre PHA1 mobilization strategy.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -45pt; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">a)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Government
– social and health development funds – Dutch, UK (DFID), Finland (FINIDA),
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">Belgium</st1:country-region></st1:place>, and Sweden (SIDA).
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -45pt; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">b)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Funding
agencies (NGOs) like DHF–Sweden, Oxfam <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">Bangladesh</st1:country-region></st1:place>, WSM Belgium, Int.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Solidarity <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Foundation</st1:City>, <st1:country-region
w:st="on">Finland</st1:country-region></st1:place>, Plan International and the
Rockefeller Foundation. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; tab-stops: list 1.0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">c)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The
total amount mobilized was enough to fund PHA1. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">ii)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">There
was a balance left over which was used to support the early PHM evolving
activities in 2001 and 2002 This support was for mostly planning meetings and
steering group meetings and some support to a few PHM resource persons to attend
regional and international conferences to present and promote the Charter and
encourage PHM mobilization in the region.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Some of these balances were also used to support publications.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">iii)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">From
January 2003, a fund raising group was formalised. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">iv)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The
group had two or three meetings over the years in <st1:City
w:st="on">London</st1:City> and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on">Bangalore</st1:City></st1:place> to review the funding situation and
plan strategies for longer term sustainability. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">v)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Specific
funding agencies were contacted and dialogues initiated with follow up action.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">vi)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">It soon
became obvious that the funding climate had changed since PHA1, and Government
funding and grants from larger international agencies needed proposals in
logical framework format that were also SMART (i.e., with goals/functions that
were Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Reachable and Targeted).<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Since the growth of PHM was not
predictable in the same way as a more specific conference event or a
immunization campaign or project, all efforts to try ‘logical framework
approaches’ to ‘project proposal’ evolution failed (though we tried and
submitted them to the Dutch government and DFID).<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">vii)<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">A new
alternative strategy was started nicknamed the ‘Friends and Neighbours
Policy’.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>It identifies smaller
funding partners and grant giving agencies that would consider supporting
specific events, publications, initiatives or needs of PHM in solidarity with
PHM goals. Since the grants would be small --never more than 5-1000 Euros-- the
consequent paperwork and justification of the request would also be
minimized.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Sometimes these agencies
were already supporting the PHM members NGOs and all they needed was information
on a genuine need or a strategic opportunity. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">viii)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">At
first, this seemed a risky approach needing a lot of time and effort and
correspondence, but with the help of PHM members this approach was quite
successful. From March 2002 till April 2005 we raised over 200,000 Euros by this
approach.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">ix)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Another
approach linked to this Friends and Neighbours Policy was for the Secretariat
coordinator to write letters to different regions and founding networks to raise
some regional/own travel support or contribution for every PHM need, event or
initiative.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>This approach also got
a good response and many regions like <st1:country-region
w:st="on">USA</st1:country-region>, Europe, <st1:country-region
w:st="on">Australia</st1:country-region> and even Asia and <st1:place
w:st="on">Middle East</st1:place> and many networks like IPHC, WGNRR and ACHAN
always responded positively and so the PHM’s financial burdens were shared.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">x)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">This
method became well established and the PHM external evaluation in June 2004
noted it as one of the strengths. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">xi)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The same
policy was extended to the PHA2 funding and while over 30 groups supported PHA2,
finally the most significant aspect of PHA2 funding was unlike that of PHA1,
where most participants were supported by travel grants. For<SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> PHA2, less than a 100 participants were
supported with travel grants raised by the Secretariat.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Over 1400 participants supported their
own travel.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The PHA2 organisers
also raised lots of local support and solidarity from the <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Cuenca</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> and local groups and this
greatly reduced the costs. </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>PHA2 was as large an event as PHA1, but
was made possible at a fraction of the cost exemplifying the growing
strength/capacity of the movement and the capacity of the PHA2/IOC and the
region.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>For PHA2, we raised only a
bit over 300,000 Euros directly, but nearly a million dollars totally if we
include local/regional fund raising.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">xii)<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The
Friends and Neighbours Policy has shown that it is possible to raise funds
without strings and without following donor-driven agendas.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>But this is still risky and needs a lot
of effort – often stressful and sometimes quite frustrating.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><B><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">7. SOME
STRATEGIC THRUSTS. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list 0in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Bangalore</st1:City></st1:place> phase
of the PHM evolution has seen five additional strategic thrusts that are seen as
crucial to long-term sustainability. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">a)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Rebuilding
Bridges.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Inevitably,
the movement’s organizing group and many of the supportive members, over the
years experienced stresses and strains that sometimes lead to breakdown in some
post PHA1 communications and reduction in enthusiasm levels. As we discovered
these along the way, we took proactive steps to help heal these feelings by
encouraging everybody to appreciate the larger inspiring reality of the evolving
PHM.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>One of the nice experiences of
the secretariat team was to see nearly all such issues cleared and people
getting back to work with PHM strongly in organising PHA2.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>We believe that this was a crucial
contribution and a lesson for the future. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">b)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Mobilizing
newer and more youthful leadership.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Another
effort on our part was to identify and support newer, younger leadership in PHM
so that the movement was more sustainable and not over-dependent on the
‘networkers’ and ‘activists’ of the pre 2000 AD era.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Efforts were made to give newer resource
persons (who were less well known globally/regionally, but showed great
potential capacity and enthusiasm) a greater opportunity to get more involved
with PHM initiatives and take more focused responsibility for management and
action.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">We are
very glad that a large number of younger leaders are visible in all aspects of
PHM activities. They need to be supported and encouraged in the next phase as
well.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The
presence of youth in all aspects of PHA2 organization and the effective IPHU
experience bringing together over 50 mostly younger activists were also symbolic
of this trend.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Efforts were also
made to keep in touch with IFMSA, IPSA and other student groups focusing on
younger potential leadership.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>This
whole process needs to be maintained. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">c)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Engagement
with mainstream, not only confrontation. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Another
major thrust in the PHM Secretariat’s efforts since 2003 was to shift the focus
of PHM initiatives from only confronting the mainstream through protests, street
actions and other modes of democratic dissenting – (which are very necessary
because of the over dominance and spread of neoliberal economic and political
determinism) to a more confident and more strategic process of engagement with
the mainstream using strategic openings and opportunities so that we built
‘space for alternative thinking’ even within mainstream institutions and the
public health system.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Whether
it was the advocacy with WHO, active involvement with WHA or the active
participation in the GFHR for a, or whether it was the PHM country relays that
included meetings in the universities and with policy makers in every country
visited, we consciously promoted the presentation PHM concerns, perspectives and
Charters in mainstream institution and to policymakers with the confidence that
‘evidence’ was on our side.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>It
worked to some extent at least, especially in events related to WHA, GFHR, GHW
releases, WHO-Health Systems Task Force and WHO-CSDH where we saw and see some
results and impact.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">d)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Inspiring<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>and informing ‘evidence
gatherers’.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">We have
also attempted to take the PHM Charter to academic and research institutions so
that mainstream institutions orient/inform their students about these
perspectives and help to build up greater awareness among the future academics
and researchers on the social determinants of health and the alternative
socio-epidemiological analysis that is central to the People’s Charter.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>This effort has been more successful
than earlier envisaged.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The Charter
is now recommended to students at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Medicine, some of the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Scandinavian</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">Schools</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> and other institutions.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Mainstream journals have run articles by
PHM resource persons.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>There is
increasing interest in academics and ‘evidence gatherers’ in PHM concerns and
analysis.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The Global Health Watch
report has been another such linking effort.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Over 125 contributors to GHW1 included
only 25 with a direct PHM linkage and similarly the Latin American GHW brought
together over 30 resource persons from the region in a collective evidence
gathering exercise.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The IPHU and
the WHO-CSDH knowledge hubs in which PHM is very involved are all additional
opportunities.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; tab-stops: list .25in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">e)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">PHM as a
Generic, not a Brand.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">PHM
needs to be recognized by all partners and adherents as a generic process rather
than as a brand of which one is a formal member. PHM recognizes network and
campaign groups at local, national, regional and international level as natural
partners and does not try to make them ‘members’.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>PHM has met and worked with many groups
and formations without too much hassle, encouraging groups to recognize PHM as a
partner.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>This has also helped
towards PHM’s visibility and outreach.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>The challenge for maintaining this clarity between recognizing a
lower-case–phm as spontaneous movements at every level and a higher-case-PHM
which encompasses initiatives/events, associations sponsored by the Global PHM
will continue to be a healthy impetus for the growth and evolution of PHM.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">8.
DISAPPOINTMENTS AND CONTINUING CHALLENGE.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list 0in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">There
were some areas in which the Secretariat team remained disappointed, because not
much headway could be made.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>These
will continue to remain as challenges to be addressed in the next phase.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in 1.25in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">a)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The PHM
website, communication and media efforts continue to be dominated by English and
the English-speaking world continues to be more involved in PHM because of this
dominance.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>While a concerted effort
was made to break this language divide by more Spanish-English efforts for PHA2,
the language divide remains a big challenge.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>It s not just a matter of a
communication gap, but much more so the loss to PHM of a potentially rich cross
cultural fertilization of ideas and creativity. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in 1.25in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">b)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">There
are indeed people/community (grassroots) level PHM efforts taking place in many
parts of the world.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>However, the
communication of these efforts are not reflected adequately in our website,
publications and reports; they appear to be focused only on national events as
if they have no global level relevance.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Much more efforts must be made to record/document/share these grassroots
initiatives especially by harnessing younger volunteers to document them and
perhaps more creative media efforts to focus on reporting them.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in 1.25in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">c)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">Enhancing
responsiveness of the PHM participants in governance structures at all levels
and enhancing representativeness of those participants will continue to be a
great challenge. For PHM to be a more effective movement, this internal
democracy has to be constantly strengthened at all levels.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<H4
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list .25in"
align=left><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">9. IN
CONCLUSION <o:p></o:p></SPAN></H4>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list 0in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">The next
phase of PHM evolution and development post-PHA2 will hopefully be a phase
marked by greater representativeness and responsiveness of PHM structures, for
governance, action and communication. It needs to be:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.75in; tab-stops: list 9.0pt .75in; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: 0in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN>i.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">a phase
of greater decentralization and regional- and country-level capacity building.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.75in; tab-stops: list 9.0pt .75in; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: 0in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN>ii.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">a phase
of greater maturity and direction in our PHM initiatives focused on, as needed,
engagement and/or confrontation with the mainstream policy and system building
efforts. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: list 0in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB">We must
remember that PHM is fast becoming recognized as an Alternative to the
Globalization of Health from above. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in"><SPAN
lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">The
increasing recognition by the non-PHM world of the PHM world is a challenge, as
well as a great responsibility for us.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Are we building the movement adequately to be responsive to such
expectations?<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>That is the
continuing challenge before us. </SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">end.</SPAN></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>