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<DIV><B>From:</B> <A title=ruglucia@PAHO.ORG
href="mailto:ruglucia@PAHO.ORG">Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><BR> </DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><B><FONT face=Arial
color=maroon size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: maroon; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Investing
in children’s health: what are the economic
benefits?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN lang=IT
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN lang=IT
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Paolo C. Belli,
Flavia Bustreo, & Alexander Preker<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><B><FONT face=Arial
color=#333399 size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Bulletin
of the World Health Organization - Volume 83, Number 10, October 2005,
721–800<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Available online as
PDF file at: <A href="http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/83/10/777.pdf"><FONT
color=#333399><SPAN
style="COLOR: #333399">http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/83/10/777.pdf</SPAN></FONT></A>
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN lang=FR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Abstract: <A
href="http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/83/10/belli1005abstract/en/index.html"><FONT
color=#333399><SPAN
style="COLOR: #333399">http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/83/10/belli1005abstract/en/index.html</SPAN></FONT></A>
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN lang=FR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">This
paper argues that investing in children’s health is a sound economic decision
for governments to take, even if the moral justifications for such programmes
are not considered. The paper also outlines dimensions that are often neglected
when public investment decisions are taken. The conclusion that can be drawn
from the literature studying the relationship between children’s health and the
economy is that children’s health is a potentially valuable economic investment.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">The
literature shows that making greater investments in children’s health results in
better educated and more productive adults, sets in motion favourable
demographic changes, and shows that safeguarding health during childhood is more
important than at any other age because poor health during children’s early
years is likely to permanently impair them over the course of their
life.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">In
addition, the literature confirms that more attention should be paid to poor
health as a mechanism for the intergenerational transmission of poverty.
Children born into poor families have poorer health as children, receive lower
investments in human capital, and have poorer health as adults. As a result,
they will earn lower wages as adults, which will affect the next generation of
children who will thus be born into poorer families.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=#333399
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
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size=2><SPAN
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