PHA-Exch> UNFPA The State of World Population 2008

[Claudio Schuftan]

From: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) <ruglucia at paho.org>
cros posted from: EQUIDAD at listserv.paho.org


  *STATE OF WORLD POPULATION 2008*

*United Nations Population Fund, November 12, 2008*

Website: http://www.unfpa.org/swp/



"…..As a fundamental part of people's lives, culture must be integrated into
development policy and programming. *The State of World Population 2008
report* from UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund, shows how this
process works in practice.

This year is the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights. The report's starting point is that human rights reflect universal
values. It calls for culturally sensitive approaches to development because
they are essential for human rights in general, and women's rights in
particular.

Culturally sensitive approaches call for cultural fluency – familiarity with
how cultures work, and how to work with them. The report suggests that
partnerships – for example between UNFPA and local non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) – can create effective strategies to promote human
rights, such as women's empowerment and gender equality, and end human
rights abuses like female genital mutilation or cutting.

Culture influences how people manage their lives, the report says. Cultures
affect how people think and act; but, they do not make everyone think and
act alike. Cultures influence and are influenced by external circumstances,
and they change in response. People are continually reshaping them, although
some aspects of culture continue to influence choices and lifestyles for a
long time…"

* *

*THE REPORTS*

State of World Population 2008 — Web |
English<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/index.html>|
Français <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/fr/index.html> |
Español<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/sp/index.html>|

State of World Population 2008 — PDF |
English<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/en-swop08-report.pdf>|
Français <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/fr-swop08-report.pdf>|
Español <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/sp-swop08-report.pdf> |
Russian <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/ru-swop08-report.pdf> |


Youth Supplement — Web |
English<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/youth_preface_introduction.html>|
Français <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/fr/youth_preface_introduction.html>|
Español <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/sp/youth_preface_introduction.html> |


Youth Supplement — PDF  |
English<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/en-yswop08.pdf>|
Français <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/fr_yswop08.pdf> |
Español <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/sp_yswop08.pdf> |
Russian <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/ru-yswop08.pdf> |

Selected Indicators – Monitoring ICPD Goals |
English<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/en_indicators-icpd-sowp08.pdf>|
Français<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/fr_indicators-icpd-sowp08.pdf>|
Español<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/sp_indicators-icpd-sowp08.pdf>|

Demographic, Social and Economic Indicators |
English<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/en_indicators-sowp08.pdf>|
Français<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/fr_indicators-sowp08.pdf>|
Español<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/sp_indicators-sowp08.pdf>|

Selected Indicators for Less Populous Countries/Territories |
English<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/en_indicators-lesspop-sowp08.pdf>|
Français<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/presskit/docs/fr_indicators-lesspop-sowp08.pdf>

* *

*Content:*

* *

*Overview <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/00_overview.html>*

Culture is and always has been central to development. As a natural and
fundamental dimension of people's lives, culture must be integrated into
development policy and programming. This report shows how this process works
in practice.

*Read chapter online
<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/00_overview.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/00_overview.pdf>
*

* *

·         CHAPTER 1

*An Introduction <http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/01_introduction.html>*

The implementation of the recommendations contained in the Programme of
Action of the International Conference on Population and Development is the
sovereign right of each country, consistent with national laws and
development priorities, with full respect for the various religious and
ethical values and cultural backgrounds of its people, and in conformity
with universally recognized international human rights.
*— International Conference on Population and Development Programme of
Action, Principles*.

*Read chapter online
<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/01_introduction.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/01_introduction.pdf>
*

* *

·         CHAPTER 2

*Building Support for Human
Rights<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/02_building_support.html>
*

Legitimating human rights in local cultures and religious traditions is a
matter of vital importance for the survival and future development of the
human rights paradigm itself.

*Read chapter online<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/02_building_support.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/02_building_support.pdf>
*

* *

·         CHAPTER 3

*Promoting Gender Equality and Empowering
Women<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/03_promoting_gender_equality.html>
*

Cultures are neither static nor monolithic…. They adapt to new opportunities
and challenges and evolving realities. What is seen as "the culture" may in
fact be a viewpoint held by a small group of elites keen to hold onto their
power and status. The tensions and diverging goals inherent in every culture
create opportunities for UNFPA to promote human rights and gender equality,
particularly when UNFPA can partner with local agents of social change and
challenge dominant views from within the same cultural frame of reference.

*Read chapter online<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/03_promoting_gender_equality.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/03_promoting_gender.pdf>
*

* *

·         CHAPTER 4

*Reproductive Health and Reproductive
Rights<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/04_reproductive_health.html>
*

Reproductive rights … derive from the recognition of the basic right of all
individuals and couples to make decisions about reproduction free from
discrimination, coercion or violence. They include the right to the highest
standard of health and the right to determine the number, timing and spacing
of children. They comprise the right to safe child-bearing, and the right of
all individuals to protect themselves from HIV and other sexually
transmitted infections.

*Read chapter online<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/04_reproductive_health.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/04_reproductive_health.pdf>
*

* *

·         CHAPTER 5

*Poverty, Inequality and
Population<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/05_poverty_inequality.html>
*

Sustainable development decreases poverty and inequality and promotes
socio-economic inclusion for all groups. Unequal distribution of the
products of economic growth increases both the extent and the depth of
poverty. Poverty and inequality limit access to resources and opportunities.
In this reality, cultural components such as family relationships, patterns
of human activity, coping strategies and prescribed and unsanctioned
behaviours are important and consistent features. Poor health and low levels
of education make it more difficult to translate additional income into
improved well-being, preventing people from establishing or reaching
personal goals.

*Read chapter online<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/05_poverty_inequality.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/05_poverty_inequality.pdf>
*

* *

·         CHAPTER 6

*Gender and Reproductive Health in Conflict
Situations<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/06_gender_reproductive_health.html>
*

Since the end of the Cold War, most armed conflicts have been within rather
than between States. Between 1998 and 2007, there were 34 major armed
conflicts – all but three internal – and about four times that many armed
conflicts in total. Far more civilians than soldiers become casualties in
these conflicts, many of them women and girls.

*Read chapter online<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/06_gender_reproductive_health.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/06_gender_reproductive_health.pdf>
*

* *

·         CHAPTER 7

*Some Conclusions<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/07_some_conclusions.html>
*

The starting point of this report is the universal validity and application
of the international human rights framework. Understanding how values,
practices and beliefs affect human behaviour is fundamental to the design of
effective programmes that help people and nations realize human rights.
Nowhere is this understanding more important than in the area of power
relations between men and women and their impact on reproductive health and
rights. Development practice is firmly located at this nexus of culture,
gender relations and human rights. It is from this point that creative and
sustainable interventions emerge.

*Read chapter online<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/07_some_conclusions.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/07_some_conclusions.pdf>
*

* *

·         RESOURCES

*Indicators and Technical
Notes<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/08_notes_indicators.html>
*

The statistical tables in this year's report give special attention to
indicators that can help track progress in meeting international development
goals in the areas of mortality reduction, HIV prevalence among young
people, and access to education and reproductive health services, including
family planning. Technical notes for the indicators and their rationale for
selection follow.

*Read chapter online<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/en/08_notes_indicators.html>Download
chapter pdf<http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2008/includes/images/pdf_swp/notes_indicators_full.pdf>
*

* *
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